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412 results for “reference”
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Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleTowards a Frame of Reference for Smart City Strategy Development and GovernanceZineb Korachi, Bouchaib BounabatDespite the importance of the smart city concept, few works address how to define and implement smart cities in a clear manner. Furthermore, the smart city literature provides heterogeneous studies and solutions; this heterogeneity creates misunderstanding regarding the smart city definition and strategy. Moreover, stakeholders have multiple and conflicting interests and concerns, which also increase the ambiguity regarding the smart … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 16, Issue 10 · 28 Oct 2020 · 7,216 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleComputing Evaporanspiraton from Weather Data Obtained from Distant, Non-Reference Weather Stations in a Hyper-Arid RegionElNesr Mohammad Nabil, Alazba Abdurrahman AliProblem statement: Reference agro-climatic Weather Stations (WS) are rarely found in newly reclaimed areas. The usage of weather data from non-reference WS may lead to inaccurate estimations of Evapo Transpiration (ET), especially if the non-reference stations are distant from the reclaimed location. Approach: Weather data from four WS located at Riyadh were used to calculate ET by using Penman Monteith … …American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 3 · 27 Sep 2011 · 7,692 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleApplying Model Reference Adaptive Controller for Lateral Motion of AircraftAbdelkader Maddi, Abderrezak Guesssoum, Daoued BerkaniProblem statement: This study developed a new application for the output model reference adaptive control of linear continuous systems based on the concepts of hyper-stability. Approach: The main idea is to design a non-linear controller which will ensure the minimal error between the reference model and the plant outputs. Results: Therefore, the synthesis of adaptive control with a model of … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 2 · 28 Feb 2010 · 7,509 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleToxicity of Reference Sediment SamplesK. R. Beg, S. AliThis study was done to determine toxicity of certified reference sediment to be used for quality assurance in sediment toxicity testing program. Certified Reference Harbor Sediment (HS-4B for PAHs) and Estuarine Sediment (LGC-6137 for Trace Metals) were procured commercially from LGC Company, UK, and repeatedly analyzed against solid phase Microtox toxicity assay to determine EC50 values. Both PAHs rich and … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 4 · 31 Aug 2008 · 6,722 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleDirect Model Reference Adaptive Controller Based-On Neural-Fuzzy Techniques for Nonlinear Dynamical SystemsHafizah Husain, Marzuki Khalid, Rubiyah YusofThis paper presents a direct neural-fuzzy-based Model Reference Adaptive Controller (MRAC) for nonlinear dynamical systems with unknown parameters. The two-phase learning is implemented to perform structure identification and parameter estimation for the controller. In the first phase, similarity index-based fuzzy c-means clustering technique extracts the fuzzy rules in the premise part for the neural-fuzzy controller. This technique enables the recruitment … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 7 · 31 Jul 2008 · 6,946 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleDesign of a Synchronous Reference Frame Controlled Fuzzy Logic Based Distribution Static Compensator to Enhance Distribution System Power QualityRekha Sampath, Lokesh Mallaiah, Ashwini A V et al.The demand for enhanced power quality in distribution systems has increased due to the widespread utilization of various AC loads, including rectifiers, inductive loads, and variable speed drives. When these nonlinear loads are combined with renewable energy sources, harmonics are introduced in the system. These can affect the way other equipment in the network works and leave the system vulnerable … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 22, Issue 2 · 27 Feb 2026 · 1,713 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleBacterial Resistance in Primary Bloodstream Infections in the COVID-19 Pandemic: What has Changed at a Reference Hospital in Northeastern Brazil?Jonathan Da Silva Xavier, Jorge Luiz Nobre Rodrigues, Caroline Mary Gurgel Dias Florêncio et al.The increased use of central venous catheters due to the severity of COVID-19 cases and the difficulty in implementing preventive Healthcare-Associated Infection measures contributed to worsening an already challenging scenario of bacterial resistance. Characterizing the impact of these significant health crises on the bacterial resistance profile is necessary to strengthen antimicrobial control protocols in an effort to decrease morbidity. Our … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 20, Issue 2 · 4 Sep 2024 · 5,036 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleTowards a Reference Model of Software Resources QualityKhaled Almakadmeh, Kenza Meridji, Khalid T. Al-SarayrehInternational standards for software product quality classify software resources as a non-functional requirement for software product. Resources requirements based-standards describe required resources requirements related to software and hardware requirements, in which hardware resources requirements specify requirements relevant to hardware environment in which the software will operate. Whereas, software resources requirements specify sizing and timing requirements required by software product. This … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 14, Issue 2 · 3 Feb 2018 · 7,817 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleImplementation of Low-Memory Reference FFT on Digital Signal ProcessorYi-Pin Hsu, Shin-Yu LinProblem statement: In order to improve and implement Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), in general, an efficient parallel form in digital signal processor is necessary. The butterfly structure is an important role in FFT, because its symmetry form is suitable for hardware implementation. Although it can perform a symmetric structure, the performance will be reduced under the data-dependent flow characteristic. Even … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 4, Issue 7 · 31 Jul 2008 · 7,146 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleReference Solar Radiation Year and Some Climatology Aspects of East Coast of West MalaysiaAbdul Majeed Muzathik, Wan Mohd Norsani Bin Wan Nik, Khalid Bin Samo, Mohd Zamri IbrahimProblem statement: This study examined in detail some aspects of radiation climatology for Terengganu state in Malaysia. The geographical co-ordinates of the site are 5°10’N latitude 103°06’E longitude and 5.2 m altitude. Approach: The data used in the present study were taken from a recording data station installed at site by the Malaysian Meteorology Department (2004). In addition to this, … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2010 · 8,859 accessesView PDFCite