Research ArticleOpen accessPhrase in the titleA Sectoral Efficiency Analysis of Malaysian Stock Exchange Under Structural BreakChin Wen CheongWe investigated the weak-form market efficiency of nine daily sectoral indices of Malaysian stock market between 1996 and 2006. The structural break unit root tests evidenced most of the price indices characterized by mean-reverting process that violated the random walk process. These empirical results were in sharp contrast with the traditional unit-root test which ignored the economic crisis and currency … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 10 · 31 Oct 2008 · 7,286 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessPhrase in the titleRevisiting the Unit Root Hypothesis and Structural Break: Asia and Emerging Economies Foreign Exchange MarketsChristopher Gan, Sirimon Treepongkaruna, Hue Hwa Au YongThis study examines the stationary of ten Asian and for emerging Foreign Exchange (FX) rates during the 1990s. The paper employs the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test to the following FX rates: Hong Kong Dollar (HKD) Japanese Yen (JPY), South Korean won (KRW) new Taiwan dollar (TWN), Chinese Renminbl (CHR), Indonesia Rupiah (IDR), Malaysian Ringgit (MYR), Singapore Dollar (SGD), … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2004 · 6,952 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsRandom Walk Models Classifications: An Empirical Study for Malaysian Stock IndicesChin Wen CheongThis article studied the Random Walk models introduced by Campbell et al.[2] for Malaysian stock market. The analysis is implemented under the possible drastic economics structural change using an iterative structural change test. After the break-date identification, the random walk hypothesis is tested by multiple variance ratios test in two separate periods. We further examined the serial correlations of return’s … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 4 · 30 Apr 2008 · 6,850 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsTrade-GDP Nexus in Iran: An Application of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) ModelMosayeb Pahlavani, Ed Wilson, Andrew C. WorthingtonThis study employed annual time series data (1960-2003) and unit root tests with multiple breaks to determine the most likely times of structural breaks in major factors impacting on the trade-GDP nexus in Iran We found, inter alia, that the endogenously determined structural breaks coincided with important events in the Iranian economy, including the 1979 Islamic revolution and the outbreak … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 7 · 31 Jul 2005 · 8,516 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsImpact of Financial and Trade Openness on Financial Development in Emerging Market Economies: The Case of TurkeyEsin CakanThe study aims to examine whether the intensity of financial openness, trade openness and foreign direct investment promoted financial development in Turkey for the period 1974–2014. Three financial development indicators are used constructing the data from the World Development Indicators. Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) and the bounds tests are employed to show the long run relationship among variables. The … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 9, Issue 4 · 30 Mar 2018 · 8,193 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAssessing the Gender Dimensions of Drug Abuse Among Women and Girls in Maiduguri: Challenges and ImplicationsFredrick WilsonThis study examines the gender-specific dimensions of drug abuse among women and girls in Maiduguri, North East Nigeria, a region affected by insurgency, poverty, and restrictive socio-cultural norms. While national data indicate rising female substance use, interventions and research have largely overlooked women’s unique challenges. Drawing on in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, the study explores structural, emotional, and socio-cultural … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 22, Issue 1 · 7 Sep 2026 · 801 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAn Empirical Investigation of the Pollution Haven-Halo Nexus in Eastern and Southern AfricaPaul KauluThis study looks into the relationship between trade and pollution in Eastern and Southern Africa from 1977 to 2016. This timeframe is particularly relevant as it was marked by rising CO₂ emissions despite major climate agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol (1997), Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+, 2007), as well as the Paris Agreement (2015). Using time-series … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 21, Issue 1 · 28 Jan 2026 · 2,917 accessesView PDFCite
EditorialOpen accessIn the abstractRe-Paving the Road Built by Chemistry: A Challenge to Biochemistry and BiotechnologyAlberto A. IglesiasBiochemistry’s birth can be placed at the end of the nineteenth century, when Eduard Buchner made a clever interpretation of experimental observations on the generation of gas bubbles after addition (the original purpose was preservation) of sucrose to a yeast crude extract (Lagerkvist, 2005). Intelligently, Buchner concluded that the disaccharide had been fermented by broken cells’ suspension to produce CO2, … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 11, Issue 1 · 26 Jan 2015 · 7,461 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDETERMINANTS OF COMMON FACTORS IN KOREAN BANKS’ CREDIT DEFAULT SWAP PREMIUMSSeungjun Lee, Jaewoon Koo, Youngsik KwakUsing the panel analysis of non-stationarity in idiosycratic and common component method, we decompose Credit Default Swap (CDS) premium data of 11Korean banks into common factors and idiosyncratic shocks. We find that the CDS premium of all 11 banks is mostly explained by one common factor. We also find that the common factor of the banks’ CDS premium is mainly … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 6, Issue 3 · 8 Dec 2014 · 7,014 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPapain, a Plant Enzyme of Biological Importance: A ReviewFlorence Mamboya, Ezekiel AmriPapain is a plant proteolytic enzyme for the cysteine proteinase family cysteine protease enzyme in which enormous progress has been made to understand its functions. Papain is found naturally in papaya (Carica papaya L.) manufactured from the latex of raw papaya fruits. The enzyme is able to break down organic molecules made of amino acids, known as polypeptides and thus … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 8, Issue 2 · 22 Jun 2012 · 44,698 accessesView PDFCite