Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleReconciling the Bio Safety Protocol and the WTO Regime: Problems, Perspectives and PossibilitiesP. G. Gayathri, Reshma R. KurupProblem statement: The issue of regulation of international trade in Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) evokes a very unique, passionate and emotional debate between environmentalists and businesses. At the conceptual level itself, like most other multilateral environmental agreements, the Cartagena Protocol appears to be incompatible with the WTO Rules. Approach: Further, since there is precious little scientific certainty on the actual … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2009 · 7,780 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleTrade Related Environmental Measures in Multilateral Environmental Agreements and the WTO: Irreconcilable Differences?Nidhi SinghProblem statement: WTO adopted a multilateral trading system without ignoring the importance of protecting environment. Exceptions in Article XX, Clause (b) and (g) checks trade at the cost of environment. It is difficult to establish a relationship between Trade Related Environmental Measures (TREMs) in Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) and World Trade Organization (WTO) rules. For the past ten years there … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2009 · 8,621 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsThe Legal Status of Eco-Labels and Product and Process Methods in the World Trade OrganizationJasper SteinProblem statement: The award of eco-labels to environmental friendly products or production and process methods of products is a measure to protect the environment by supporting environmental friendly products. WTO members award eco-labels to combine trade restrictions which are based on environmental protection and the general provisions of the WTO. Approach: This study examined the different types of Eco-labels and … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 1, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2009 · 7,738 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsMultilareral Environment Agreements Versus the World Trade Organization SystemSushant Chandra, Aviral DhirendraProblem statement: Since the inception of WTO in 1994, the protection of environment has evolved as a key issue due to recurrent trade transaction occurring among the states. WTO constituted a committee on Trade and Environment in 1995 to evaluate the scope of complementarities between trade liberalization and environmental protection. However Doha Development Agenda of 2001 and Article XX of … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 1, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2009 · 7,585 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsGuised in Green: Uncloaking the Myth of World Trade Organization's Trade-Environment HarmonyAlimpan Chatterjee, Deya Bhattacharya, Sonali BanerjeeProblem statement: Over the past decade the World Trade Organization (WTO) has devoted considerable attention to the implementation of policies that work on the interplay of trade and environment by identifying several Multilateral Environment Agreements (MEAs) that have provisions for trade so that trade liberalization and environmental protection interact positively. However, the strategy of the WTO to bring trade and … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2009 · 7,428 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsTrade Externalities of Agricultural Subsidies and World Trade OrganizationSatya Ranjan SwainProblem statement: Almost every country is spending a large proportion of its income on agricultural subsidies; still the agricultural farmers of developing countries are unable to compete globally. There is increase in dependence on food imports, and a decline in food self-reliance. The aim and objectives of this study is to highlight the multiplex nature and enormity of the trade … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2009 · 7,635 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsGenetically Modified Organism Trade Route and Biosafety-Is It a Failing Synthesis?Debdatta Dobe, Rohini SenProblem statement: GM regulations have spawned international conflicting reactions especially between US and EU, with countries requiring food aid caught midway. This article covers the following issues: Whether biotechnology policies of other countries affect the developing countries’ trade in agricultural crops?" Does unregulated GM expansion and contamination, render the system fallacious? Can there be synthesis between trade and environment? Approach: … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2009 · 7,697 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractTrade and Precaution: Their Progressive InterlaceIsh Puneet SinghProblem statement: The principle of precaution has developed in International Law, as it has been present in either explicit or implicit forms in most of the celebrated international treaties dealing with the protection of the environment, over the past two decades. In spite of the huge recognition that this principle has got through incorporation, in the international order, this principle … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 1, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2009 · 7,945 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAnalysis of Article 27(3) (b) of TRIPs-the Content and Implications of the IP Protection on Plant VarietiesPratyush JhunjhunwalaProblem statement: Introduction of Intellectual Property Protection (IPP) to plant varieties has gone through some rough weather with objections being made not only with respect to their introduction but also with the type of protection to be accorded to the new varieties. Article 27(3)(b) of the TRIPs Agreement contains a lot of flexibilities as it allows WTO member states to … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 1, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2009 · 7,783 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSui Generis Plant Variety Protection: The Indian PerspectiveRohan Dang, Chandni GoelProblem statement: Plant variety protection relates to intellectual property rights over plant varieties which guarantee rights-holders exclusive commercial rights for a specific period of time. Article 27 (3)(b) of the TRIPS Agreement, compulsorily mandates that every member-state of the WTO must introduce such protection through domestic legislation by certain set time frames. These rights are one form of IPR being … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 1, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2009 · 10,439 accessesView PDFCite