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37 results for “Physical Layer (PHY)”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsPerformance Analysis of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Based Bidirectional Relay Network in the Presence of Phase NoiseV. N. Senthil Kumaran, S. Rajkumar, S. J. ThiruvengadamIn this study, the performance of OFDM based bidirectional relay network which employs Physical Layer Network Coding (PLNC) is analyzed in the presence of phase noise. The bidirectional relay network is assumed to consist of two sources and a relay, where each node has a single antenna and operates in half duplex mode. The PLNC based OFDM system transmits high … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 10, Issue 11 · 9 Sep 2013 · 6,639 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsComparative Performance Evaluation of Routing Algorithms in IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.11 with Different Ad Hoc Routing ProtocolP. Anitha, C. ChandrasekarProblem statement: Wireless ADHOC networks are self organized dynamic networks can share wireless channel without any established central control standard for IEEE 802.11. Approach: The most common protocols are AODV, DSDV, DSR in ADHOC used to ensure the data transmission among themselves. To meet the need of low power and low cost IEEE 802.15.4 standard was developed for sensor networks. … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 7, Issue 5 · 7 May 2011 · 7,409 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractTAGN-IDC: Implicit Discrete Constraints for Tsunami Aware Graph Neural Networks in Spatial Evacuation RoutingSularno, Wendi Boy, Putri Anggraini et al.Tsunami evacuation route requires rapid identification of safe evacuation paths under dynamically changing hazard conditions. A major challenge is incorporating hard binary road-blockage constraints caused by tsunami inundation while maintaining end-to-end differentiability for deep learning models. Existing approaches commonly rely on continuous relaxations or stochastic sampling techniques, which either compromise physical feasibility or increase computational complexity. This study proposes the … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 22, Issue 9 · 24 Sep 2026 · 704 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractImportance of Soil and Mineral Characteristics in Supporting Sustainable AgricultureIda Suryani, Marliana Sjuaib Palad, Nur Fitriani et al.Soil consists of four main components: Minerals, organic matter, air, and water, which are arranged in the space to form the soil body. Inorganic minerals in the soil come from rock fragments and other primary minerals. Sustainable soil fertility is supported by the nutrient content contained in the minerals. The research objectives were: 1) to observe the physical and chemical … …OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 25, Issue 2 · 25 Mar 2025 · 5,938 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCross-Layer Design for Combining Adaptive Modulation and Coding with DMMPP Queuing for Wireless NetworksManikandan Arunachalam, Naresh Kumar Babu, Anandan Perumal et al.Resource management and Quality of Service (QoS) are seen as key concerns for many applications in 5G networks since they support millions of linked devices. When sharing information over error-prone wireless networks, these resource management strategies are necessary to fulfill multimedia applications with a minimum throughput guarantee, low error probability, and high tolerated delay. One of the most complex traffic … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 19, Issue 6 · 31 May 2023 · 5,419 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractTransverse Bed-Slope, Lateral Bed-Load Rate and Bed-Load Deviation Angle in Meandering Alluvial StreamsYoussef Ismail HafezA novel expression for the deviation angle of the bed-load discharge is developed which allows its distinction with the other deviation angles of the flow velocity and boundary shear stress. A transverse bed-slope equation is developed which compares very well with experimental data and field data at the Fall River and Muddy Creek, USA. Stream-wise computations are successfully performed of … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 20, Issue 1 · 9 Sep 2024 · 4,912 accessesView PDFCite
Review ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Review on Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communications (PHY and MAC Layer Perspectives)Prinu Chacko Philip, Mohammed Abdel-HafezFifth Generation (5G) wireless network plays major attention in the communication scenario due to the advanced features in data transmission. 5G is designed to overcome the issues, such as data rate, reliability, throughput, latency and capacity in the wireless network domains. The 5G wire-less services aim to increase the data rate through massive communication services. In this survey, well known … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 16, Issue 8 · 1 Sep 2020 · 6,991 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractLong Term Ageing Effect on Physical and Shear Strength Characteristics of Oil Contaminated Sandy Soils of Al-Ahmadi Field in KuwaitHumoud Melfi Aldaihani, Fahad A. Al-OtaibiSerious environmental damage was caused to Kuwait when more than 600 oil wells were set alight following the 1991 Gulf War, leading to hydrocarbon contamination and a series of ‘oil lakes’ being created in the desert. The effects of these highly damaging actions are still detectable today, 27 years later. The main contribution of this paper is that the effects … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 12, Issue 1 · 1 Apr 2019 · 8,060 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractInfluence of Bitumen Addition on Sabkha Soil Shear Strength Characteristics under Dry and Soaked ConditionsFahad A. Alotaibi, Humoud Melfi AldaihaniHigh salt content in sabkha soils means they are significantly affected by changes in water content. Dissolution of salts within sabkha soil mass decreases their shear strength upon inundation with water, resulting from the destruction of cementation bonds between soil particles. Therefore, successful improvement for these soils must be based on reducing the dissolution of sabkha salts to minimize their … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 11, Issue 4 · 13 Nov 2018 · 7,388 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Effects of Using Crumb Rubber Modified Binder in an Asphalt PavementSayed Mohamad Soleimani, Alanoud Faheiman, Zainab MowazeIn this study, laboratory investigations have been carried out to characterize and demonstrate the improved performance of asphalt after modifying it with crumb rubber. The study has been divided into two main parts. Firstly, the physical characterizations of crumb rubber modified bitumen with different percentages of crumb rubber have been evaluated using penetration, softening point, viscosity, ductility and thin film … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 13, Issue 2 · 14 May 2020 · 8,377 accessesView PDFCite