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37 articles for “Pathophysiology”
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Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleVitamin D: The Immunologic Role and its Effect on Human PathophysiologyWilliam Whalen, Edward Werner Cook, Nitya G. ChakrabortyThere are several reasons why understanding the role of vitamin D in the immune system is worthy of widespread attention. Our knowledge of the immune system is crucial for understanding human health and disease. New ideas for vitamin D and life style in the twenty-first century build directly on our understanding of immunology-from the development of new immune-based cancer drugs … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 11, Issue 1 · 5 May 2015 · 6,983 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleBridging from Cells to Cognition in Autism Pathophysiology: Biological Pathways to Defective Brain Function and PlasticityMatthew P. Anderson, Brian S. Hooker, Martha R. HerbertWe review evidence to support a model where the disease process underlying autism may begin when an in utero or early postnatal environmental, infectious, seizure, or autoimmune insult triggers an immune response that increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the brain that leads to DNA damage (nuclear and mitochondrial) and metabolic enzyme blockade and that these inflammatory and oxidative … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 4, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2008 · 17,455 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titlePathophysiology of Adipocyte Defects and Dyslipidemia in HIV Lipodystrophy: New Evidence from Metabolic and Molecular StudiesAshok Balasubramanyam, Rajagopal V. Sekhar, Farook Jahoor et al.Despite a burgeoning mass of descriptive information regarding the epidemiology, clinical features, body composition changes, hormonal alterations and dyslipidemic patterns in patients with HIV lipodystrophy syndrome (HLS), the specific biochemical pathways that are dysregulated in the condition and the molecular mechanisms that lead to their dysfunction, remain relatively unexplored. In this paper, we review studies that detail the metabolic basis … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 2, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2006 · 6,608 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsPhysical Basis of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and its Application to Central Nervous System DiseasesNicolás Fayed, Salvador Olmos, Humberto Morales, Pedro J. ModregoMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy is based on the chemical shift property of the atom nuclei when a magnetic field is applied. This technique offers invaluable information about living tissues with special contribution to the diagnosis and prognosis of the central nervous system diseases. Concentration of several metabolites can be assessed in a reproducible manner by means of modern clinical scanners. N-acetyl-aspartate … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 5 · 31 May 2006 · 7,851 accessesView PDFCite
Literature ReviewOpen accessIn the abstractMicroRNAs in Atherosclerosis: Key Players, Diagnostic Potential, and Therapeutic OpportunitiesAnastasia V Poznyak, Stanislav Anatolievich Antonov, Ulyana V. Rozhkova et al.Atherosclerosis is a significant contributor to cardiovascular diseases, often progressing silently over many years before clinical symptoms manifest. The multifaceted pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, involving processes such as endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, presents challenges in early diagnosis and effective treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding RNA molecules with post-transcriptional gene regulation abilities, have emerged as potential key players in atherosclerosis … …OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 26, Issue 2 · 25 Jul 2026 · 740 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractInvestigation of Biochemical and Hormonal Parameters in Male Patients with MigraineDua’a AlHassoon, Omar Atrooz, Husni FarahMigraine is a complex neurological disorder, including hormonal and biochemical imbalances. The physiological changes include neural variations due to genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Therefore, the research aims to investigate total testosterone levels, Acetylcholine (Ach), prolactin, and clinical markers (calcium, magnesium, glucose, and lipid profile) across migraine patients. The research employed a case-control observational design conducted at Al-Ahliyya Amman University, … …OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 26, Issue 2 · 22 Jul 2026 · 815 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPost-COVID Impact Analysis and Effective Recommendation Solutions Over Risk Prediction Using Hybrid ModelBoddeti Jaggan Mohan Ravi Kumar, P. V. G. D. Prasad Reddy, G SrinivasThe COVID-19 pandemic (2019-2022) resulted in significant global mortality, largely attributed to the virus's unpredictable pathophysiology, rapid disease progression affecting multiple organ systems, and initial lack of effective treatments. This study systematically examines post-COVID-19 complications across major organ systems, including respiratory dysfunction, cardiovascular complications, renal disorders, musculoskeletal pain, gastrointestinal disturbances, neurological sequelae, alopecia, endocrine and metabolic dysregulation, and mental health … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 21, Issue 11 · 23 Dec 2025 · 1,643 accessesView PDFCite
Literature ReviewOpen accessIn the abstractThe Relationship between Obesity, Insulin Resistance and Hypertension: A ReviewMasah Mardini, Lana Dardari, Maher Taha et al.Obesity is considered a global epidemic with detrimental health effects. It is linked to the development of conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease, and higher mortality rates, among other conditions. This review elucidates the pathophysiology linking obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension and includes clinical trials that demonstrate these relationships. Electronic … …OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 24, Issue 4 · 16 Aug 2024 · 5,076 accessesView PDFCite
Literature ReviewOpen accessIn the abstractAtherosclerosis and Alzheimer’s Disease Interconnection: Inflammation, Aβ and MoreAnastasia Vladimirovna Poznyak, Victoria Khotina, Roghayyeh Vakili-Ghartavol et al.Despite being the leading cause of CVD and cardiovascular mortality globally, Atherosclerosis (ATH) remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. The reasons behind Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) also remain unclear and there is currently no cure for it. At present, at least 55 million people are believed to be suffering from the disorder and the figures are expected to grow. At the same time, … …OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 24, Issue 4 · 26 May 2024 · 4,761 accessesView PDFCite
Case ReportOpen accessIn the abstractAcyclovir May Be Used to Treat Certain Long COVID Patients Regardless of Herpesvirus Reactivation: Case ReportDenise Stewart, Martin Oswald SavageFundamental causes of long COVID or Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) are still under investigation while it remains a significant burden to millions of patients worldwide even after a relatively mild acute Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) episode. Treatment and management programs are yet to be developed. The foremost hypotheses for underlying PASC pathophysiology include: The persistence of the virus in … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 20, Issue 1 · 12 Mar 2024 · 25,572 accessesView PDFCite