Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywords"BIVARIATE DISTRIBUTION" FOR INFRASTRUCTURES AMONG OPERATIVE, NATURAL AND NO MENOPAUSESRamalingam ShanmugamMenopause is not an illness but rather an important event as it changes the body physiology and mental cognition via hormonal changes. During data analysis of menopauses incidence data, new bivariate distribution is discovered. Their marginal, conditional distribution and statistical properties including the inter and partial correlations are explored and utilized to interpret menopauses data. A likelihood ratio hypothesis testing … …Current Research in Biostatistics, Vol. 4, Issue 2 · 23 Aug 2014 · 7,314 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsIs Cancer Recurrence Postponed By a Treatment? A New Model AnswersRamalingam ShanmugamDuring a treatment period of a cancer patient, the medical team ponders over a question: Is patient’s cancer recurrence significantly postponed by the medication, even if the illness is not completely cured? This question could be answered with data evidence if the data are analyzed with an appropriate model and a suitable methodology. A scanning of the literature reveals that … …Current Research in Medicine, Vol. 4, Issue 1 · 26 Mar 2013 · 6,887 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsAdaptive Channel Estimation for Multiuser Underwater Communication SystemsS. Aliesawi, C. C. Tsimenidis, B. S. Sharif, M. JohnstonProblem statement: Multiple Access Interference (MAI) signals and poor estimation of the unknown channel parameters in the presence of limited training sequences are two of the major problems that degrade the systems’ performance. Two synchronous multiuser receivers with Rake reception of Interleave Division Multiple Access (IDMA) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, in conjunction with channel estimation, are considered … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 4 · 20 Feb 2012 · 7,355 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsOn the Probability Density Function of the Test Statistic for One Nonlinear GLR Detector Arising from fMRIFangyuan NanRecently an important and interesting nonlinear generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) detector emerged in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data processing. However, the study of that detector is incomplete: the probability density function (pdf) of the test statistic was draw from numerical simulations without much theoretical support and is therefore, not firmly grounded. This correspondence presents more accurate (asymptotic) closed form … …Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, Vol. 3, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2007 · 7,106 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsSpiral Binomial and Related Distributions for Obsession to AbortionRamalingam ShanmugamRepeated abortion is considered an important health concern by the pregnant women and the governments. Educating the public about the impact of abortion becomes the government’s responsibility. For this purpose, the government agencies turn to health and medical researchers for opinion about the impact of abortion. The public health researchers turn to data for clues and seek pertinent data information … …International Journal of Research in Nursing, Vol. 3, Issue 2 · 13 Aug 2012 · 6,720 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsIntervened 2-Tier Poisson Distribution for Understanding Hospital Site InfectivityR. ShanmugamProblem statement: Whether it is a surgical site or medical treatment at a hospital site, the nurses in particular and the entire medical team including surgeons/physicians in general undergo a risk of being infected ironically by the patients whom they intend to disinfect. There are 2-tiers of patients at the site. One type consists of patients who are internally and … …International Journal of Research in Nursing, Vol. 3, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2012 · 6,925 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsA BIVARIATE PROBABILITY MODEL TO IDENTIFY "HONESTY" VERSUS "CHEATING" IN ECONOMIC SURVEYS: XENOPHOBIA IS ILLUSTRATEDRamalingam ShanmugamMaking successful policies for manufacturing or globalized business sectors require "honest" answers by the respondents in the surveys. When some respondents cheat in their answers to the questions in a survey for a variety of reasons, the survey results become useless. Currently, there is no appropriate probability model to address this phenomenon "cheating" in a survey. An efficient methodology is … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 6, Issue 1 · 18 Jun 2014 · 6,849 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsInformatics About Fear to Report Rapes Using Bumped-Up Poisson ModelRamalingam ShanmugamThe rape victims are frightened to report with a fear of retaliation or humiliation. Consequently, the number of reported rapes is under-estimated. How should the number of unreported rapes be identified is discussed in this article. For this purpose, the Poisson distribution is modified and it is named Bumped-up Poisson distribution in this article. Related probability-informatics are derived to estimate … …Current Research in Biostatistics, Vol. 3, Issue 1 · 4 Nov 2013 · 15,788 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsTweaking Exponential Distribution to Estimate the Chance for More Survival Time if a Cancerous Kidney is RemovedRamalingam ShanmugamPatients with a malignant tumor in the kidney (recognized as hypernephroma in medical practice) are treated by what is known as nephrectomy (that is a surgical removal of the kidney) in addition to a combionation of chemotherapy and immunotherapy for the sake of more survival time. This articles develops and demonstrates a statistical methodology to assess the statistical significance of … …International Journal of Research in Nursing, Vol. 4, Issue 2 · 4 Sep 2013 · 6,218 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsAlzheimer’s Disease Prognosis is Captured by a Down-Upsized Incidence Poisson DistributionRamalingam ShanmugamAlzeimer disease is a daunting nightmare to both the medical and families of the patients. Tireless efforts are made by the medical researchers to treat Alzheimer’s patients. The Alzhiemer patients’ data provides clues about its prognosis and they can be identifies when the data are analyzed and understood correctly. The data analysis is a first step in the path to … …Current Research in Medicine, Vol. 4, Issue 2 · 4 Sep 2013 · 6,926 accessesView PDFCite