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8 results for “FFA”
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Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleFFA-CONTEXT AWARE ENERGY EFFICIENT ROUTING USING FAST REACTIVE AND ADAPTIVE ALGORITHMP. Kavitha Rani, E. KannanA vital issue of routing is how to efficiently strengthen energy consumption of the whole network and to avoid the energy-hole which leads to node failure or node death; this scenario makes the network to work improperly and leads to network death, Here we proves our hypothesis with linearity between routing and linear principles. Our proposed work effectively utilizes the … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 11, Issue 2 · 26 Dec 2013 · 6,617 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsThe Recovery of Used Palm Cooking Oil Using Bagasse as AdsorbentRizki Wannahari, Mariam Firdhaus Mad NordinProblem statement: The use and reduce cooking oil is a common phenomena in our society. While some of this cooking oil is further refine most of it however and not subject to any filtration in the refining process medium such as carbon active, silica are commonly use. Approach: The used of bagasse as adsorbent is not common. This is odd … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 1 · 2 Mar 2012 · 10,315 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsA Qualitative Approach of Identifying Major Cost Influencing Factors in Palm Oil Mills and the Relations towards Production Cost of Crude Palm OilElaine Lau Ying Man, Adam BaharumProblem statement: The oil palm industry, which heavily depends on the world market, is an export oriented industry. World’s palm oil consumption was growing over the years. In addition, Indonesia and Malaysia dominated the oil palm industry. The oil palm industry in Malaysia is very competitive and become one of the major economic sectors contributing to the total revenue of … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 5 · 17 May 2011 · 15,552 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOptimized Feature Selection for Kidney Ultrasound Image Classification Using Binary Coati Weighted Mean Vector AlgorithmFizhan Kausar, Ramamurthy B.The analysis of medical images presents many challenges, especially when making precise diagnoses. In pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), early identification is critical because of its gradual progression to significant kidney failure. This study proposes a diagnostic framework for pediatric ultrasound image classification that incorporated machine learning and advanced feature selection methods. This approach is divided into four stages: Preprocessing, … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 21, Issue 12 · 22 Jan 2026 · 1,563 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractComparison of Chemical Characteristics of Various Commercial Animal Skin CrackersSiti Susanti, Antonius Hintono, Sri Mulyani et al.This study aims to compare the data on chemical characteristics (protein content, fat, ash, moisture, Free Fatty Acid (FFA), Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA), and total energy) of commercial skin crackers made from various kinds of animal skin. Four categories of commercial animal skin crackers from the same producer were assigned as treatments, including cowhide crackers, buffalo askin crackers, fish skin crackers, … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 17, Issue 4 · 19 Dec 2022 · 5,712 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDry Heating of Palm Fruits: Effect on Selected ParametersNu’man Abdul Hadi, Ng Mei Han, Choo Yuen May, Ma Ah NganThis study reports on the effects of dry heating of oil palm fruits for the purpose of sterilization and solvent extraction with various oil parameters. Steam sterilization of oil palm fresh fruit bunches was required as a pre-treatment to deactivate enzymes that give rise to Free Fatty Acids (FFA) before the oil could be extracted. While the use of high-pressure … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 2 · 1 Aug 2012 · 8,987 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractMethanol-Based Transesterification Optimization of Waste Used Cooking Oil over Potassium Hydroxide CatalystCholada Komintarachat, Sathaporn ChuepengProblem statement: Waste used Cooking Oil (WCO) harmfully affected to environment and human’s health can be a feedstock for producing biodiesel. Approach: The conversion of Fatty Acid and Free Fatty Acid (FFA) of WCO with 15.0% w/w FFA content to biodiesel was studied through transesterification reactions. This work investigated the effects of alcohol and catalyst quantity, reaction time and temperature … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2010 · 9,739 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Study of Residual Oils Recovered from Spent Bleaching Earth: Their Characteristics and ApplicationsLoh Soh Kheang, Cheng Sit Foon, Choo Yuen May, Ma Ah NganThis study described the extraction of residual oils of spent bleaching earth (SBE) from palm oil refining industry, the properties and applications of residual oils obtained there from. Residual oils of SBE (acid-activated, WAC and neutral, NC) were recovered via solvent and supercritical-fluid (SC-CO2) extraction. The yields of residual oils recovered from WAC were higher than those from NC using … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 10 · 31 Oct 2006 · 9,231 accessesView PDFCite