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756 articles for “chemical”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractTartaric Acid Modified Rice Hull as a Sorbent for Methylene Blue RemovalSiew-Teng Ong, Pei-Sin Keng, Ai-Wen Chong et al.Problem statement: Improper dye discharge from various industries such as textile, paper, cosmetic and plastics into receiving streams can be one of the sources towards water pollution. The release of these effluents not only causes various disruptions in the ecosystems, but also poses hazard effect as most of the dyes are highly toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic in nature. Approach: To … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 3 · 30 Jun 2010 · 7,155 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSurface Modification of Polystyrene Beads by Ultraviolet/Ozone Treatment and its Effect on Gelatin CoatingA. N. Yusilawati, M. Maizirwan, M. S. Hamzah et al.Problem statement: Polystyrene failed to provide any reactive functionality of surface hydrophilicity that is capable of binding proteins. It is known that polystyrene must be chemically modified to make its surface amenable to covalent crosslinking with protein. Approach: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of UV/ozone treatment on gelatin coating. The surfaces of microsize polystyrene beads … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 6 · 30 Jun 2010 · 8,852 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAnalysis of Some Pesticide Residues in Cauliflower by High Performance Liquid ChromatographySheheli Islam, Nazneen Afrin, Mohammad Shawkat Hossain et al.Problem statement: Increased use of chemicals on vegetables started gaining momentum and continued its up-trend in Bangladesh. Wide spread use of pesticides in agriculture concern of residue accumulation, which may remain in food and agricultural environment causing concern of human health and risking ecological balance. Attempt made to ensure that their applications were correct and safe and result in no … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 3 · 30 Jun 2009 · 7,865 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAir-Cooling Used For Metal CuttingBrian Boswell, Behrad Katirachi, Tilak T ChandratillekeAir-cooling and dry machining are both being trialled as possible solutions to the metal cutting industry’s long running problems of extending tool life, reducing tool failure and minimising the heat generation at the tool tip. To date, large amounts of expensive coolant which cause both environmental damage and health hazards have had to be used. The introduction of dry machining … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 2 · 28 Feb 2009 · 8,215 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAmphoteric Starch in Simultaneous Process Preparation with Box-Behnken Design for Optimal ConditionsSopa Cansee, Juntanee Uriyapongson, Commueng Watyotha et al.Cassava starch was chemically modified to produce an amphoteric starch. The amphoteric starch was prepared in a simultaneous process which was evaluated in relation to four factors: temperature (45-55 °C), 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC, 4-12%) and sodium tripolyphosphate (STP, 2-8%) concentrations, and reaction time (2-6 h). The extent of amphoteric starch produced was determined by the degree of substitution (DS) of … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 11 · 30 Nov 2008 · 7,527 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPhysiochemical Properties of Sago Starch Modified by Acid Treatment in AlcoholP.H. Yiu, S.L. Loh, A. Rajan et al.Sago starch is usually chemically modified to overcome and improve the unstable properties of native sago starch during processing. In this study, sago starch was treated in hydrochloric acid in the presence of methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol at 450C for 1 hour. Granule size, granular structure and solubility of the modified starch were investigated. Results showed that recovery yields of … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 4 · 30 Apr 2008 · 8,912 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractMicronutrients, Hormesis and the Aptitude for the Maturation of RegulationJaap C. HanekampThe potential of hormesis as the default model to assess and manage chemicals is considered in relation to micronutrients. It is pointed out that micronutrients, despite their well-known U-shaped dose-response curve, are assessed and managed only with excess-exposure in mind. Hereby a schism between health and safety is unjustifiably realized. This proves to be the conundrum of basically all chemicals … …American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol. 3, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2008 · 7,580 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractLife Extension by Anti-Aging Drugs: Hormetic Explanation?A.M. VaisermanA number of chemicals including antioxidants, vitamins and hormones are widely advertised as anti-aging drugs (geroprotectors). It is usually believed that life-extending capacity of geroprotectors may be attributed to their specific anti-aging mechanisms, even without solid scientific evidence. The analysis of the survival data gathered by both anti-aging and hormetic interventions demonstrates that many essential similarities exist between them. The … …American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol. 3, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2008 · 8,166 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractMean Age of Menarche in Trinidad and Its Relationship to Body Mass Index, Ethinicity and Mothers Age of MenarcheEdward O. Uche-Nwachi, A. Odekunle, Johann Gray et al.Menarche is the first menstrual period. It is the final event in the physical manifestation of gonadal development. A study in Europe found that the median age of menarche was 12 years and 11 months and that by the tenth year, 0.8% of the girls had their first menses, while the figure for the eleventh and twelfth years were 3.6 … …OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 2 · 31 Dec 2007 · 8,993 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAssessment of Genotoxic Activity of Para-nitrophenol in Higher Plant Using Arbitrarily Primed- polymerase Chain Reaction (AP-PCR)Mohamed R. EnanParanitrophenol is a common toxic environmental pollutant; the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of the DNA fingerprinting by AP-PCR assay to detect the DNA damage in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) exposed to different concentrations of paranitrophenol (4.0-720 nM). The changes occurring in the fingerprint patterns were likely to be the result of paranitrophenol-induced DNA damage. … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 3, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2007 · 7,069 accessesView PDFCite