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399 articles for “optimum”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractRemoving Boron from an Aqueous Solution Using Turmeric Extract-Aided Coagulation-FlocculationAzhar Abdul Halim, Nur Hanani Thaldiri, Normah Awang, Mohd Talib LatifProblem statement: Boron exists in an environment naturally either through weathering of rocks or volcanic activity but due to anthropogenic activity, boron had been distributed widely into our surroundings. Boron was a problematic pollutant due to the difficulty to remove it from the water. Turmeric which had been widely used as a spice and traditional medicine, were investigated to determine … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 3 · 15 Jun 2012 · 8,334 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractUtilization of Bone Adhesive to Produce Particleboards from Stems of Cotton Plant at the Pressing Temperature of 140°CKomi Kadja, Magolmeena Banna, Kokou Esso Atcholi, Komla SandaProblem statement: To value agricultural residues, a study was carried out to investigate mechanical and physical properties of particleboards produced from stems of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) by using bone adhesive. Approach: In order to obtain particleboards with minimum physical and mechanical properties as required in the conventional standards for general purpose particleboards, the optimum pressure temperature and the optimum … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 4 · 18 Apr 2011 · 7,275 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCombined Partial Oxidation and Carbon Dioxide Reforming Process: A Thermodynamic StudySompop JarungthammachoteProblem statement: CO2 reforming is one of the methods to utilize a greenhouse gas to produce syngas, an important feed for methanol and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. However, CO2 reforming is strong endothermic reaction requiring large amount of supplied energy. Partial oxidation, an exothermic reaction, is combined with CO2 reforming to serve the energy requirement. Thus, the optimum ranges of O2 and … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 1 · 31 Jan 2011 · 7,531 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSkin Color Detection Model Using Neural Networks and its Performance EvaluationK. K. Bhoyar, O. G. KakdeProblem statement: Skin color detection is used as a preliminary step in numerous computer vision applications like face detection, nudity recognition, hand gesture detection and person identification. In this study we present a pixel based skin color classification approach, for detecting skin pixels and non skin pixels in color images, using a novel neural network symmetric classifier. The neural classifiers … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 6, Issue 9 · 30 Sep 2010 · 8,064 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSolving the State Assignment Problem Using Stochastic Search Aided with Simulated AnnealingWalid M. AlyProblem statement: Solving the state assignment problem means finding the optimum assignment for each state within a sequential digital circuit. These optimum assignments will result in decreasing the hardware realization cost and increasing the reliability of the digital circuit. Unfortunately, the state assignment problem belongs to the class of nondeterministic polynomial time problems (NP complete) which requires heavy computations. Different … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2009 · 6,972 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSolving the Traveling Salesman Problem Using New Operators in Genetic AlgorithmsNaef Taher Al Rahedi, Jalal AtoumProblem statement: Genetic Algorithms (GAs) have been used as search algorithms to find near-optimal solutions for many NP problems. GAs require effective chromosome representations as well as carefully designed crossover and mutation operators to achieve an efficient search. The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), as an NP search problem, involves finding the shortest Hamiltonian Path or Cycle in a graph of … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2009 · 7,589 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOptimizing of Trichoderma viride Cultivation in Submerged State FermentationHayyan Ismaeil Al-Taweil, Mohammad Bin Osman, Aidil Abdul Hamid, Wan Mohtar Wan YussofProblems statement: A study in Malaysia had shown a strain of Trichoderma viride was isolated from the soil. Questions were raised whether Trichoderma viride submerged state fermentation affected by parameters and which of them is effective? Approach: To investigate the effects of the submerged state fermentation parameters; concentrations of carbon g L-1; (10, 45 and 80), glucose, nitrogen g L-1; … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 7 · 31 Jul 2009 · 10,086 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractIntermittent Aeration in Biological Treatment of WastewaterH. Doan, A. LohiProblem statement: E-coating process is widely used to provide a protective coating layer on metal parts in the automotive and metal finishing industry. The wastewater from the coating process contains organic compounds that are used in the cleaning, pretreatment and coating steps. Organic pollutants can be removed biologically. In the aerobic biological treatment, water aeration accounts for a significant portion … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2009 · 8,139 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOptimization of Barbell Trajectory During The Snatch Lift Technique By Using Optimal Control TheoryShahram Lenjan Nejadian, Mostafa Rostami, Farzad TowhidkhahMathematical modeling and optimizing of snatch lift technique based on dynamic synthesis, is the aim of this study. The barbell trajectory is proposed as the performance index, evaluated experimentally by several researchers who have introduced some optimum trajectories according to the percentage of their owners' successes. Since none of the mechanical parameters were considered into the optimum trajectories, we develop … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 5 · 31 May 2008 · 7,721 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSpectrofluorimetric, Atomic Absorption Spectrometric and Spectrophotometric Determination of Some FluoroquinolonesHesham SalemSimple, accurate, sensitive and selective spectrofluorimetric, atomic absorption spectrometric and spectrophotometric methods are described for the quantitative determination of ten fluoroquinolones (amifloxacin, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, difloxacin hydrochloride, enoxacin, enrofloxacin, lomefloxacin hydrochloride, levofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin and pefloxacin mesylate). The first method was a spectrofluorimetric method in which samples of the studied drugs in 0.1 N H2SO4 showed native fluorescence at 450 nm … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 3 · 31 Mar 2005 · 7,320 accessesView PDFCite