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440 articles for “Independent”

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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Framework of Successful Executive Information System Development for Education DomainMahamsiatus Kamaruddin, Rozilawati RazaliProblem statement: Education management is a centralized process of planning, monitoring and controlling entities involved in education affairs so that they align with educational aspirations. It normally concerns several layers of administration that requires different types of information from various operational units. Operational units in education however are scattered and managed independently. As a result, most information is isolated where … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 10 · 30 Aug 2011 · 7,612 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractComparison of Maximum Gear-Tooth Operating Bending Stresses Derived from Niemann's Analytical Procedure and the Finite Element MethodAndonios D. Tsolakis, Konstandinos G. RaptisProblem statement: Main purpose of this study was to investigation toothed gear loading problems using the Finite Element Method. Approach: We used Niemann’s equations to compare maximum bending stress which was developed at critical gear-tooth flank point during gear meshing, applied for three distinct spur-gear sizes, each having different teeth number, module and power rating. Results: The results emerging after … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 3 · 18 Aug 2011 · 7,700 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEstablishing an Adaptive Production-Procurement System with Markov Chain Approach Associated with 3C TheoryChun-Ta LinProblem statement: In this study, we classify the imperfect situations that the unreliability of production and the defective products might be incurred from production process into eight independently recurrent categories. Approach: With the property of recurrence of Markov chain, the limiting probability of each imperfect production category can be calculated through the transition probabilities matrix generated from these imperfect production … …Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, Vol. 7, Issue 3 · 18 Jul 2011 · 7,357 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPerformance of MMSE Receiver based Multi Input Multi Output-Interleave Division Multiple-Access System with Multi-user Detection over Frequency Selective Wireless Communication ChannelKuttathatti Srinivasan Vishvaksenan, R. SeshasayananProblem statement: This study presents the performance analysis of turbo assisted Interleave Division Multiple-Access (IDMA) system with Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) support for multi user scenario over correlated frequency selective and uncorrelated frequency selective channel. Approach: The key principle of IDMA is that interleaver unique which distinguishes the users in contrast to spreading sequence in Code Division Multiple Access … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 7, Issue 7 · 30 Jun 2011 · 6,837 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPAPR Reduction Using BPSO/PTS and STBC in MIMO OFDM SystemKarima El Mouhib, Ahmed Oquour, Younes Jabrane et al.Problem statement: The Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system has been receiving a great attention, as one of solutions for achieving high speed, efficient and high-quality service for the wireless communications. However, the transmitted signal still has high PAPR because of OFDM characteristics. Many methods have been proposed to solve this problem, but the most … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 7, Issue 4 · 4 Apr 2011 · 7,199 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAnalysis of Decision Trees in Context Clustering of Hidden Markov Model Based Thai Speech SynthesisSuphattharachai ChomphanProblem statement: In Thai speech synthesis using Hidden Markov model (HMM) based synthesis system, the tonal speech quality is degraded due to tone distortion. This major problem must be treated appropriately to preserve the tone characteristics of each syllable unit. Since tone brings about the intelligibility of the synthesized speech. It is needed to establish the tone questions and other … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 7, Issue 3 · 7 Mar 2011 · 6,847 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPerformance Analysis of Multi-user Multi Input Multi Output- Interleave-Division Multiple-Access System Employing Turbo Coding with Multi-User Detection over Frequency-Selective Wireless Communication ChannelKuttathatti Srinivasan Vishvaksenan, R. Seshasayanan, Yuvaraj KrishnamoorthyProblem statement: This study presents the performance analysis of multi-user Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) assisted interleave based multiple-access system. In IDMA, different interleavers are used to distinguish users as against different signature sequence in a conventional code-Division Multiple-Access (CDMA) scheme. Approach: The basic principle of IDMA is that the interleaver is unique for the users. Results: In this study, … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 7, Issue 2 · 25 Feb 2011 · 6,885 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractBio-Technology International Strategic Alliances: The Managerial Perspectives of Malaysian FirmsAhmad Bashawir Abdul Ghani, Muhammad SubhanProblem statement: Biotechnology is becoming one of the major concerns among large emerging economies including Malaysia. International strategic alliances may be one way to integrate emerging economies in their development with developed economies. The use of various forms of cooperation between firms of emerging economies and firms of developed countries can accelerate the process of transfer and adaptation of advances … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 3, Issue 1 · 7 Jan 2011 · 7,602 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractTone Question of Tree Based Context Clustering for Hidden Markov Model Based Thai Speech SynthesisSuphattharachai ChomphanProblem statement: In HMM-based Thai speech synthesis, tone is an important issue that brings about the intelligibility of the synthesized speech. Tone distortion resulted from imbalance of the training data should be appropriately treated. Approach: This study described an HMM-based speech synthesis system for Thai language. In the system, spectrum, pitch and state duration are modeled simultaneously in a unified … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 6, Issue 12 · 9 Nov 2010 · 6,823 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEdge Double-Critical GraphsJohn J. LattanzioProblem statement: The vertex double-critical conjecture that the only vertex double-critical graph is the complete graph has remained unresolved for over forty years. The edge analogue of this conjecture has been proved. Approach: It was observed that if the chromatic number decreases by two upon the removal of a 2-matching, then the 2-matching comprises four vertices which determine an induced … …Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, Vol. 6, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2010 · 7,455 accessesView PDFCite