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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractγ-Aninobutyric acid (GABA) suppresses antigen-specific immune responses in ovalbumin γ(OVA)-immunized BALB/c miceTohru Sakai, Hiroko Okada, Mitsuo Kise et al.γ-Aminobutruic acid (GABA) is known to be a ubiquitous inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that GABA modulates cardiovascular and respiratory functions. In this study, we examined the effect of GABA on antigen (Ag)-specific immune responses and elucidated the mechanisms underlying those effects in ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized BALB/c mice. OVA-specific proliferative responses were decreased in … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2005 · 6,501 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractLarge Eddy Simulation of an Ammonia JetM. Salinas-Vazquez, A. Espinosa, E. Barrios, W. VicenteA compressible jet flow of ammonia was studied through a series of Large Eddy Simulations. Simulations were focused in the zone where the inertial effects are much bigger than the gravitational ones. The ammonia jet is discharged into an air medium and the gases are treated as a two non-reactive ideal gas mixture. Different simulations were performed, going from the … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2005 · 6,740 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Quasi One-dimensional Simulation of a 4 Stroke Spark Ignition Hydrogen Fuelled EngineT. F. Yusaf, M. Z. Yusoff, I. Hussein, S. H. FongActive research and development of hydrogen-fuelled engine had been done for a few decades since hydrogen serves as a potential of infinite fuel supply. This paper discussed analytically and provides data on effects of compression ratio, equivalence ratio and spark timing of a hydrogen-fuelled engine as a guideline for the engine design. The change in the thermodynamic properties of the … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2005 · 6,886 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractTrade-GDP Nexus in Iran: An Application of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) ModelMosayeb Pahlavani, Ed Wilson, Andrew C. WorthingtonThis study employed annual time series data (1960-2003) and unit root tests with multiple breaks to determine the most likely times of structural breaks in major factors impacting on the trade-GDP nexus in Iran We found, inter alia, that the endogenously determined structural breaks coincided with important events in the Iranian economy, including the 1979 Islamic revolution and the outbreak … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 7 · 31 Jul 2005 · 8,516 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractIncreased Production of Nitric Oxide Contributes to Renal Oxidative Stress in Endotoxemic RatBahar Tunçtan, Belma Korkmaz, Hatice Yıldırım et al.Overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species leads to oxidative stress and decreased total antioxidant capacity, which is responsible for high mortality from several diseases such as endotoxic shock. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) during endotoxemia is the major cause of vascular hyporeactivity, hypotension and multiple organ failure. In this study, we investigated whether increased production … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2005 · 8,638 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractInfluence of the Application of Sewage Sludge and Presence of Pesticides on the Development of the Microbial Population of the Soil and on the Transformation of Organic Carbon and Nutrient ElementsM.E. Sánchez, I. B. Estrada, O. Martínez et al.The laboratory trial consisted in incubating samples of soil and soil treated with sewage sludge, with the application of organophosphate pesticides with different active ingredients under controlled conditions of temperature and moisture. On the basis of a previous study of the influence of the application of sludge on the degradation of pesticides in the soil, a kinetic study is included … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2005 · 6,859 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractHigh Density Groundwater Flow, Major-ion Chemistry and Field Experiments in a Closed Basin: Fuente de Piedra Playa Lake (Spain)Rodríguez-Rodríguez Miguel, Benavente Herrera José, Moral Martos FranciscoThis study presents the results of 10 years of field investigation in Fuente de Piedra Playa Lake located in southern Spain. These field observations along the playa's shore revealed evidence of a forced convective flow and the existence of density interface below the playa basin. An upward flux of groundwater from underlying formations could be a considerable part of its … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2005 · 6,305 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOxidized Low-density Lipoprotein Upregulates GM2 Activator Protein Gene ExpressionHidekatsu Yanai, Hiroshi Yoshida, Hironobu Fujiwara et al.Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) has been shown to be a powerful regulator of gene expression in monocyte-derived macrophage. To determine the effects of oxidized LDL on macrophage gene expression, macrophages incubated with native or oxidized LDL were analyzed by differential display technique. The differentially expressed cDNA (387 bp) fragment by oxidized LDL showed 100% homology to the part of 3’-untranslated … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2005 · 7,324 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAntecedents and Outcomes of Organisational Commitment among Malaysian EngineersRajendran Muthuveloo, Raduan Che RoseThis study explores the major factors contributing to organizational commitment among engineers in Malaysia. It identifies the effects of certain antecedents on organizational commitment and evaluates the impact of organizational commitment to organizational outcomes. From the literature review, a theoretical foundation for the study was compiled and two hypotheses were established. Firstly, positive employee perception leads to higher organizational commitment. … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 6 · 30 Jun 2005 · 7,488 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPush-pull Strategy with Trap Crops, Neem and Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus for Insecticide Resistance Management in Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) in CottonP. Duraimurugan, A. RegupathyInsecticide resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) is a major threat to cotton production in India. The virus infection was found to increase the susceptibility of H. armigera to the insecticides. But, use of Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV) on a larger scale and on cotton due to leaf alkalinity poses certain practical problems. Hence, studies were carried out to assess the … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 6 · 30 Jun 2005 · 9,098 accessesView PDFCite