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105 articles for “PPM”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractFabrication of Composite Material from Sea Mussel Shells and White Clay as a Versatile SorbentSingto Sakulkhaemaruethai, Churairat Duangduen, Weraporn Pivsa-Art, Sommai Pivsa-ArtProblem statement: The removal of heavy metals contaminated in aqueous solution/wastewater has been causing worldwide concern. However, the adsorbent materials are usually limited due to their high cost and environmentally benign. To overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages, low-cost and effective adsorbents are in demand. Approach: In this study, the sea mussel shells/natural clay beads were prepared for using as low-cost sorbent … …Energy Research Journal, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 31 Oct 2010 · 7,801 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAluminum Powder and Zwitrionic Surfactants as Drag Reducing Agents in Pipe LinesHayder A. Abdul Bari, Rosli Bin Mohd Yunus, Tania Suhail HadiProblem statement: One of the most power consuming sector in the industry is the liquid transportation through pipelines due to the turbulent mode the liquids are transported with. Drag reducing agents were used as a solution for the pumping power losses in pipelines. One of the inportant drag reducing agents suggested to improve the flow in pipelines are the suspended … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 10 · 31 Oct 2010 · 7,295 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractLippia graveolens and Carya illinoensis Organic Extracts and there in vitro Effect Against Rhizoctonia Solani KuhnFrancisco Daniel Hernandez-Castillo, Francisco Castillo-Reyes, Gabriel Gallegos-Morales et al.Problem statement: Plant extracts with polyphenolic compounds obtained with different solvents have been evaluated against plant pathogens. However, most of these extract have been obtained using solvents no allowed under an organic production context. Approach: In the present research was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of polyphenolic extracts from L. graveolens and C. illinoensis, obtained with alternative organic solvents (lanolin … …American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2010 · 8,991 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSynthesis and Characterization of Organotin(IV) N-Benzyl-N-Isopropyldithiocarbamate Compounds: Cytotoxic Assay on Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells (HepG2)Normah Awang, Ibrahim Baba, Nor Syaidatul Akmal Mohd Yousof, Nurul Farahana KamaludinProblem statement: Several studies on organotin(IV) dithiocarbamate compounds have been carried out but not on the synthesis and characterization together with cytotoxic assay of organotin(IV) N-benzyl-N-isopropyldithiocarbamate compounds. Approach: Three new organotin(IV) compounds of type N-benzyl-N-isopropyldithiocarbamate have been successfully synthesized by direct reaction between secondary amine with organotin(IV) chloride using in situ method. All the compounds were characterized using elemental analysis, … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2010 · 8,092 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSynthesis of Gold (Au) Nanoparticles for Mercury AdsorptionKhairul Sozana Nor Kamarudin, Mawarni Fazliana MohamadProblem statement: Mercury is not only hazardous to human health and the environment but could also attack equipment components resulting in a mechanical failure and gas leakage. Approach: Describes the preparation of various sizes and shapes of Au nanoparticles for mercury adsorption by using polyol method under MW heating. Au nanoparticles have been synthesized by a polyol method under Microwave … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 6 · 30 Jun 2010 · 8,081 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractComparative Study of Soluble Sulfate Reduction by Bacterial Consortia from Varied Regions of IndiaPoonam Nasipuri, Gauri G. Pandit, Ashoke Ranjan Thakur, Shaon Ray ChaudhuriSoluble sulfate contamination in water is observed due to various industrial activities. Chemical means of reduction are available yet the biological approach is the preferred one. Problem statement: The problem addressed in this study was the isolation of efficient sulfate reducing bacterial consortia for bioremediation of soluble sulfate from mining effluent. Approach: The culture based method using the DSMZ specific … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 2 · 30 Apr 2010 · 7,338 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSpiral Wound Reverse Osmosis Membranes for the Recovery of Phenol Compounds-Experimental and Parameter Estimation StudiesG. Srinivasan, S. Sundaramoorthy, D.V.R. MurthyProblem statement: Reverse osmosis is increasingly used as a separation technique in chemical and environmental engineering for the removal of organics and organic pollutants present in waste water. The removal of an organic compound, namely phenol, using a polyamide membrane was investigated in this study. Waste water containing phenol present a serious environmental problem and increasing attention is being given … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2010 · 9,304 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCharacterization of the Adsorption of the Lead (II) by the Nonliving Biomass Spirogyra neglecta (Hasall) KutzingModher A. Hussain, Aishah Salleh, Pozi MilowProblem statement: Conventional techniques for removing dissolved heavy metals are only practical and cost-effective when applied to high strength wastes with heavy metal ion concentrations greater than 100 ppm. The possibility of using a nonliving algal biomass to solve this problem was carried in this study. Lead (II) was used in this study because it had been reported to cause … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 5, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2009 · 7,802 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAnti-Phytopthora capsici Activities and Potential Use as Antifungal in Agriculture of Alpinia galanga Swartz, Curcuma longa Linn, Boesenbergia pandurata Schut and Chromolaena odorata: Bioactivities Guided Isolation of Active IngredientsWilart Pompimon, Jinnantina Jomduang, Uma Prawat, Samlee MankhetkornProblem statement: Plant derived fungicides are now being subjects of many research groups. These secondary metabolites have enormous potential to inspire and influence modern agrochemical research. The study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity and their potential use as fungicides in the agriculture of crude extracts and purified compounds derived from plants used in traditional medicines. Approach: Four medicinal plants … …American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2009 · 8,704 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDynamic Measurement of Copper (II) Ion Adsorption in Activated Carbon Fixed Bed ColumnsTanokkorn Banjonglaiad, Eric Croiset, Peter Silveston et al.Dynamic experiments were carried out on the adsorption of copper (II) ions in a laboratory packed bed of activated carbon. Both pulse and step change inputs were used. Measurements were reproducible and replicate measurements furnished nearly identical parameters for a heterogeneous model of the activated carbon bed assuming Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The initial concentration of copper (II) ion was 3 … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 4 · 31 Aug 2008 · 6,862 accessesView PDFCite