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American Journal of Applied Sciences

ISSN 1546-9239 (print)eISSN 1554-3641 (online) Open access
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Research Article · Open access · Published 22 November 2015

The Informal Funds Transfer System “Hawala” as a Segment of the Shadow Economy: Social Impact Assessment and Framework for Combating

Bakhyt Moldatjaevich Nurgaliyev, Kanat Sametovich Lakbayev, Alexey Vladimirovich Boretsky, Aiman Kudaibergenovna Kussainova
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