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13 articles for “open ended”
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Research ArticleOpen accessPhrase in the titleOpen ended-coaxial Cable Measurements of Saturated Sandy SoilsAlberto GodioThe application of electromagnetic methods in the radar and micro-wave frequency band allows the fluid content of soils to be estimated; the heuristic or physically-based models permit to relate the observed electrical permittivity of the soils with the porosity and fluid saturation. The role of the effect of the free water and bound water in the overall electromagnetic behaviour of … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2007 · 6,800 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsWillingness to Pay for Air Quality Improvements in Klang Valley MalaysiaRafia Afroz, Mohd N. Hassan, Muhamad Awang, Noor A. IbrahimThis research employed contingent valuation method (CVM) to estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) of the respondents to improve the air quality in Klang Valley. The samples were divided according to different question formats i.e. open ended(OE), dichotomous choice(DC) and payment card(PC). The objective of this study is to investigate the convergent validity of contingent valuation estimates by comparing the … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2005 · 8,995 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractExtension Model Based on Farmers’ Resources and Need to Improve Feed Technology AdoptionAgustina Abdullah, Indrawirawan IndrawirawanFeed technology is essential for improving beef cattle productivity, yet its adoption by farmers often remains partial and misaligned with their actual needs. This study aimed to develop a context-responsive agricultural extension model to enhance the adoption of feed-related innovations among beef cattle farmers. The research was conducted in Herlang and Bulukumpa Districts, Bulukumba Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Using a … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 21, Issue 1 · 5 May 2026 · 1,467 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Role of Tshwane Metro Police and the South African Police Service During Service Delivery Protests Crimes in the Tshwane Area (South Africa)Tumiso D. Mokhomole, Dee Khosa, Adewale A. OlutolaThis article exploresthe role of Tshwane Metro Police (TMP) and the South African Police Service(SAPS) during service delivery protests crimes in the Tshwane area of SouthAfrica. To date, both the Metropolitan Police Departments (MPDs) and SAPS workunder immense pressure to curb the rebellion of service delivery protests andrelated crimes across the eight metropolitan municipalities in South Africa. Atpresent, the MPDs … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 18, Issue 1 · 3 Sep 2022 · 6,738 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAUTOMATIC ESSAY GRADING SYSTEM FOR SHORT ANSWERS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGEAli Muftah Ben Omran, Mohd Juzaiddin Ab AzizAutomatic Essay Grading (AEG) system is defined as the computer technology that evaluates and grades written prose. The short essay answer, where the essay is written in short sentences where it has two types the open ended short answer and the close ended short answer where it is our research domain based on the computer subject. The Marking of short … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 9, Issue 10 · 5 Sep 2013 · 7,417 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Implications of Teacher Effectiveness Requirements for Initial Teacher Education ReformS. G. PretoriusProblem statement: School effectiveness research shows that teacher effectiveness is the single most important school-based factor in student success. The effects of poor teaching linger and can be measured for at least three years after students have left the classroom. It is too late to wait until secondary school level for backlogs to be eradicated. Education systems, such as the … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 3 · 26 Mar 2012 · 9,481 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEthnicity and Ethnic Perception of IndiansRavichandran Moorthy, Novel Lyndon, Er A. Choy et al.Problem statement: The discourse of ethnicity, race dominance and Islamization has dominated Malaysian politics since 1957, after several centuries of colonial rule. Although the country has achieved admirable socio-economic progress, the ethnic Indians situation has somewhat remained backward compared to the Malay and Chinese communities. The objective of this article is to examine how ethnic Indians recognize their ethnic identity … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 4 · 16 Sep 2011 · 7,790 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Influence of Parents in Adolescents' MisbehaviorHabibah Elias, Nooreen NoordinPositive relationships within the family, parental support, a consistent and constructive parental discipline style and adult supervision tend to be related negatively to adolescents deviant behaviors and their associations with deviant peers. Poor family relationships were found to be associated with higher levels of delinquent behaviors, possibly due to the fact that parents in those families provided poor role models … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 3 · 18 Jul 2011 · 8,384 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractImproved Dielectric Model for Polyvinyl Alcohol-Water Hydrogel at Microwave FrequenciesYou Kok Yeow, Zulkifly Abbas, Kaida Khalid, Mohamad Zaki Abdul RahmanProblem statement: The study described rigorous dielectric modeling for Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-water hydrogel mixture at microwave frequencies. Approach: A commercial open-ended coaxial sensor was used to measure the dielectric constant, loss factor and ionic conductivity, σ of PVA-water hydrogel mixture ranging concentration of 80-100% water content. Results: The sensor was operating between 0.13 and 20 GHz at and above of … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 2 · 28 Feb 2010 · 9,045 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractRanking of Simultaneous Equation Techniques to Small Sample Properties and Correlated Random DeviatesA. A. Adepoju, J. O. OlaomiProblem statement: All simultaneous equation estimation methods have some desirable asymptotic properties and these properties become effective in large samples. This study is relevant since samples available to researchers are mostly small in practice and are often plagued with the problem of mutual correlation between pairs of random deviates which is a violation of the assumption of mutual independence between … …Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, Vol. 5, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2009 · 6,594 accessesView PDFCite