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50 articles for “direct cost”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsDesign and Cost Performance of Decoding Technique for Hybrid Subcarrier Spectral Amplitude Coding-Optical Code Division Multiple Access SystemR.K.Z. Sahbudin, M.K. Abdullah, M. Mokhtar et al.Problem statement: A hybrid technique combining subcarrier multiplexed and Spectral Amplitude Coding-Optical Code Division Multiple Access (SAC-OCDMA) deploying the Khazani-Syed code was proposed. It was proposed as a mean of increasing the maximum number of simultaneous active users by increasing the subcarrier and/or the SAC-OCDMA code word. Multiple Access Interference (MAI) is the most dominant cause of performance degradation in … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 7, Issue 10 · 4 Aug 2011 · 6,875 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsThe Economics of Autism in EgyptRoger Lee MendozaProblem statement: This was the first study ever done on the cost consequences of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Egypt or any other developing/industrializing country. The following questions were empirically investigated: What are the economic costs of ASD in Egypt and how do they compare with developed/industrialized countries? Why are cost consequences important in formulating ASD policy in Egypt and … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 2, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2010 · 11,735 accessesView PDFCite
Technical ReportOpen accessIn the abstractFish Pond Storage Preserves Chili Puree, but Nitrogen Flow-Through Fails: Unravelling the MechanismDaimon Syukri, Rina Yenrina, Rini et al.Perishable food preservation in rural and resource-limited settings remains a significant challenge, as conventional techniques frequently depend on synthetic additives or energy-intensive processes incompatible with green chemistry principles. This study evaluated fish pond immersion as a novel, low-cost preservation method for freshly ground chili purée, investigating its efficacy with and without continuous nitrogen gas flow. Chili purée samples were packaged … …OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 26, Issue 1 · 30 Mar 2026 · 1,344 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractRBF Approximation of the Lippmann-Schwinger EquationNadaniela Egidi, Josephin Giacomini, Pierluigi MaponiWe consider the direct scattering problem that consists of the computation of the scattered wave generated by an incident plane wave and an inhomogeneous object defined in terms of the refractive index. From some suitable physical and geometrical hypotheses, this is formulated as a boundary value problem for the Helmholtz equation and, in turn, as the Lippman-Schwinger equation. For the … …Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, Vol. 19, Issue 1 · 6 Nov 2023 · 5,094 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Impact of Business IT Strategic Alignment on Corporate PerformanceJohanes Fernandes Andry, Aziza Chakir, Ronald Maraden Parlindungan Silalahi et al.Information technology's role is vital for a company's progress in its business management. Companies must implement differentiation and cost-reduction strategies to gain a competitive advantage in intense competition, especially among electrical appliance distributors. The implementation of cost reduction cuts business processes by streamlining IT/IS. However, business processes still have not implemented information systems, such as stock data collection, transaction problem … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 19, Issue 3 · 28 Feb 2023 · 7,919 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDecision Making and Predicting the Cost for the Optimal Structural System of Multi-Story BuildingsHosam Elhegazy, Ahmed Ebid, Ibrahim M. Mahdi et al.There are numerous structural lateral systems used in multi-story buildings design such as the shear wall, frame system, framed with core, dual systems and superframes, etc. Additionally, the system of slabs such as (Solid Slab, Flat Slab, Flat plates, Hollow blocks, ... and Waffle Slabs). Generally, the structural systems of multi-story buildings are considered to be different types. Multi-story buildings … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 14, Issue 2 · 7 Sep 2021 · 6,289 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEpidemiological Characteristic of Animal Bite and Direct Economic Burden of Rabies Vaccination in the Southern of IranVahid Rahmanian, Heshmatollah Shakeri, Abdolreza Sotoodeh Jahromi et al.The ever-increasing cases of animal bites caused by rabies, livestock losses, as well as economic damages are of utmost importance in developing countries. This study was conducted to determine the epidemiology and the direct economic burden of rabies vaccination in southern Iran in 2018. In this study, 375 cases of animal bites which were recorded in Rabies Treatment Centers of … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 15, Issue 4 · 6 Oct 2020 · 7,281 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractMultivalent Optimizer-Based Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for Task Scheduling in Cloud ApplicationsMeena Malik, Bhavna Gupta, Chander Prabha et al.Cloud computing platforms provide on-demand online services without the need for direct user management. Generally, big clouds distribute functions over multiple data centers at distant locations. The major facilities offered by clouds are based upon virtual machines which provide benefits in terms of low scheduling cost, improved accessibility and availability of cloud services. While transferring the tasks for effective scheduling, … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 21, Issue 2 · 31 Dec 2024 · 4,900 accessesView PDFCite
Review ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAbout Boeing X-32Relly Victoria Virgil PetrescuThe Boeing X-32 is a demonstration jet designed for the Joint Strike Fighter contest. He lost the Lockheed Martin X-35 demonstrator, which was further developed in the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II. Boeing's competitive advantage has been to provide considerably lower costs of production and lifecycle by minimizing variations between different versions of the JSF. Therefore, the X-32 was designed … …Journal of Aircraft and Spacecraft Technology, Vol. 3, Issue 1 · 1 Apr 2019 · 9,960 accessesView PDFCite
Review ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractChemical Coagulation/Flocculation Processes for Removal of Phenolic Compounds from Olive Mill Wastewater: A Comprehensive ReviewMounia Achak, Fatima Elayadi, Wafaa BoumyaOlive oil extraction processes generate three phases: Olive oil, solid residue (pomace) and aqueous liquor Olive Mill Wastewater (OMW). OMW causes serious environmental deteriorations such as coloring of natural waters, alteration of soil quality, phytotoxicity and odor nuisance. The direct discharge of this effluent into the soil bring various negative effects on the environment, due to its high load of … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 16, Issue 3 · 30 Mar 2019 · 10,494 accessesView PDFCite