Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsTramadol Vs Tapentadol: Anew Horizon in Pain Treatment?Mario GiorgiProblem statement: Acute and chronic pain is a common presenting sign in animal species and human beings. Approach: Classical opioids provide very effective pain relief, although they may be less effective in the treatment of chronic pain due to their limited therapeutic windows and the induced opioid receptor down regulation. Atypical opioids, such as tramadol and tapentadol, have a dual … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 1 · 25 Feb 2012 · 17,871 accessesView PDFCite