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28 articles for “Epithelium”
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Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleButyrate Supplementation Affects Mrna Abundance of Genes Involved in Glycolysis, Oxidative Phosphorylation and Lipogenesis in the Rumen Epithelium of Holstein Dairy CowsAnne Hermen Laarman, Louis Dionissopoulos, Ousama AlZahal et al.Energy availability in epithelial cells is a crucial link for maintaining epithelial barrier integrity; energy depletion is linked to impaired barrier function in several epithelia. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of exogenous butyrate on mRNA abundance of genes indirectly involved in rumen epithelial barrier integrity. Sixteen mid-lactation Holstein cows fed a total mixed ration received a concentrate mix … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 4 · 27 Nov 2013 · 7,519 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleButyrate and Subacute Ruminal Acidosis Affect Abundance of Membrane Proteins Involved with Proton and Short Chain Fatty Acid Transport in the Rumen Epithelium of Dairy CowsAnne Hermen Laarman, Louis Dionissopoulos, Ousama AlZahal et al.The objective of this study was to elucidate the effects of butyrate on the Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) membrane transport proteins and proton membrane transport proteins in the rumen epithelium. Sixteen mid-lactation cows were fed a 44% Non-Fibre Carbohydrate (NFC) diet and divided into a control treatment and a butyrate treatment. For 7 days, the cows on the control … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 4 · 27 Nov 2013 · 7,475 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleButyrate-Mediated Genomic Changes Involved in Non-Specific Host Defenses, Matrix Remodeling and the Immune Response in the Rumen Epithelium of Cows Afflicted with Subacute Ruminal AcidosisLouis Dionissopoulos, Anne Hermen Laarman, Ousama AlZahal et al.Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA) is a disorder in cattle which can lead to chronic inflammation in the rumen epithelium, known as rumenitis. Butyrate has been shown to attenuate some of the detrimental effects of inflammatory gastroenteral disorders but the molecular mechanisms mediated by butyrate have not been defined. The objective of this study was to define the inflammatory-related genomic changes … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 1 · 10 Jan 2013 · 8,059 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleA Characterization of Inflammatory and Structural Markers within the Rumen Epithelium During Grain-Induced Ruminal Acidosis in Lactating Dairy CattleL. Dionissopoulos, M. A. Steele, O. AlZahal et al.The objective of this study was to characterize the mRNA and protein expression of inflammatory and structural genes in the rumen epithelium during grain-induced ruminal acidosis in lactating dairy cattle. A total of 16 rumen-fistulated, lactating Holstein dairy cattle (618±35 kg of body weight, 221±32 days in milk) were used in a randomized complete block design study. All cattle were … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 3 · 19 Sep 2012 · 8,035 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsGenomic Signature of Respiratory Microbes on Human Scalp EpitheliaBhola Nath Paul, Vani Mishra, Jasmeet Kaur Chhabra, Divyani PaulDespite overlap between habitats occupied by diverse Airborne Respiratory Microbes (ARM), the airway epithelium is known for respiratory microbe infections, human scalp epithelium is undocumented. Analogous to airways epithelium, the scalp epithelium is vulnerable to infection by dormant variants of sensitive microbes that underlie many chronic and relapsing diseases, difficult to eradicate by conventional antibiotics and challenged our ability to … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 11, Issue 3 · 11 Sep 2015 · 7,074 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsChanges in the Rumen Papillae During the Periparturient Transition in Holstein Dairy Cows are Accompanied by Changes in Abundance of Proteins Involved in Intracellular pH Regulation, But not SCFA TransportAnne Hermen Laarman, Adam Kleinberg, Michael Alexander Steele et al.The objective of this study was to examine changes in SCFA transport capacity in the rumen epithelium during the parturition transition period. Twelve pregnant, cannulated primiparous and multiparous cows were fed a standard Total Mixed Ration (TMR) for the duration of the dry period; after calving, all cows were switched to an early lactation TMR. Rumen pH, fluid and biopsies … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 10, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2015 · 7,546 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsAdaptation to High Grain Diets Proceeds Through Minimal Immune System Stimulation and Differences in Extracellular Matrix Protein Expression in A Model of Subacute Ruminal Acidosis in Non-lactating Dairy CowsB. W. McBride, O. AlZahal, M. A. Steele, L. DionissopoulosProblem statement: Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA) is a metabolic disorder affecting approximately 20% of all dairy cattle in North America. Although the presence of SARA has been described for some time, the etiology of the disorder remains uncertain. For example, many animals diagnosed with SARA seem to remodel and adapt their epithelium to accommodate the stresses imposed by SARA, but … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 2 · 25 Jul 2012 · 8,118 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsStructure of Lamellae and Chloride Cell in the Gill of Alosa Caspio Caspio (Clupeidae, Teleostei)Z. Saadatfar, D. ShahsavaniAs a surface for respiratory gas diffusion, ion regulation and waste excretion, gill epithelium of Alosa Caspio Caspio has been investigated. Problem statement: Surely, morphological study of gill cells is the main route for giving the basic data which can be inductive for physiological and pathological investigations. Approach: Gills were removed from Alosa Caspio which is from euryhaline species and … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 6 · 13 Jun 2011 · 6,881 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsAttenuated Superoxide Dismutase Induction in Retinal Cells in Response to Intermittent High Versus Continuous High GlucoseMichael A. Ihnat, Ronald C. Kaltreider, Jessica E. Thorpe et al.High glucose, particularly in oscillating conditions, produces an increase in oxidative stress and has been shown to result in an increase in diabetic complications, retinopathy in particular. The hypothesis of this work was that chronic exposure to intermittent high glucose results in an attenuated induction of an antioxidant response as compared to continuous high glucose exposure in isolated retinal cells … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 3, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2007 · 7,453 accessesView PDFCite
Literature ReviewOpen accessIn the abstractRumen Microbiota Mysteries: Nutrition, Function, and its Impact on Livestock ProductivityHamdi Mayulu, Marry ChristiyantoRuminants are important herbivores in the global food system, serving as primary producers of meat and milk. The productivity of these animals is influenced by the functionality of their digestive organs, namely rumen. The digestion, metabolism and nutrients absorption in the rumen epithelium enhance the host defende mechanisms mechanisms, promoting health and productivity in ruminants. Therefore, this review aimed to … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 20, Issue 2 · 4 Aug 2025 · 4,069 accessesView PDFCite