Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsBiodiversity and Spatial Distribution of Hornbills in Pondok Buluh Educational Forest, North Sumatra, IndonesiaBudi Utomo, Nabillah Saraswita, Cindy Siahaan et al.Hornbills are large birds, several species of which are protected under national and international conservation legislation and face significant extinction risk. This study was conducted in the Specific Purposes Pondok Buluh Forest Area, North Sumatra, Indonesia, with the aim of identifying hornbill species present, estimating their population density, and characterizing their habitat. Hornbill surveys were carried out using the point … …OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 26, Issue 1 · 28 Mar 2026 · 1,405 accessesView PDFCite