77 articles for “construction cost”

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractIn-Plane Behavior of Infills using Glass Fiber Shear Connectors in Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM) TechniqueFarhad Akhoundi, Graça Vasconcelos, Paulo LourençoMasonry has a widespread use in the construction of the buildings even in reinforced concrete or steel frames. Past earthquakes have demonstrated the vulnerability of masonry infills resulted in the human life losses and economic costs. Recently innovative strengthening techniques such as Textile Reinforced Mortar technique (TRM) is used for enhancing the seismic response of the infills. Different procedures were … …International Journal of Structural Glass and Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 2, Issue 1 · 14 Jan 2018 · 9,090 accessesView PDF Cite

EditorialOpen accessIn the abstractON THE CHALLENGES OF THE USE AND INTEGRATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCESMariano MartínOverview: Although renewable energy sources are plentiful, their availability is highly volatile in time and distributed across regions while and the processes that transform them into useful power or chemicals are underdeveloped. In this work we discuss on the scope for the use and integration of renewable energy sources and the future development of the alternatives. Energy, the sources and … …Energy Research Journal, Vol. 5, Issue 1 · 11 Sep 2014 · 7,543 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractVoltage Stability of Short Transmission Line Equipped with a Thyristor Controlled Series CapacitorPrechanon KumkratugIt is becoming increasingly important to fully utilize the existing transmission system assets due to environmental legislation, rights-of-way issues, costs of construction and deregulation policies that introduced in recent years. The Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) has been proposed for the better control power flow and dynamic performance. The exact short transmission line model consists of the resistance and reactance. … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 12 · 8 Nov 2012 · 6,698 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDEVELOPMENT OF INSPECTION SYSTEM FOR CORROSION CRACK IN R.C. FOR SECOND TUNNEL LINING BY USING KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMYousif Abdulwahid Mansoor, ZhiQiang ZhangDuring the last two or three decades, incidence of failure of reinforced concrete structures has been seen widely for many reasons, such as increasing service loads and/or durability problems and the economic losses due to such failures are costly. Nowadays, the size and the form of repair and rehabilitation market are too large since there has been an increased emphasis … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 2 · 27 Aug 2012 · 7,665 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Mathematical Model of Power System with Static Var Compensator in Long Transmission LinePrechanon KumkratugProblem statement: It is becoming increasingly important to fully utilize the existing transmission system assets due to environmental legislation, rights-of-way issues and costs of construction and deregulation policies that introduced in recent years. The Static Var Compensator (SVC) has been proposed for the better control power flow and dynamic performance. The exact long transmission line model consists of the resistance … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 6 · 15 Mar 2012 · 7,099 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractGeneralization of Boolean Functions Properties to Functions Defined over GF(p)Saad Elmansori, B. E. EsamProblem statement: Traditionally, cryptographic applications designed on hardware have always tried to take advantage of the simplicity of implementation functions over GF(p), p = 2, to reduce costs and improve performance. On the contrast, functions defined over GF(p); p > 2, possess far better cryptographic properties than GF(2) functions. Approach: We generalize some of the previous results on cryptographic Boolean … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 8, Issue 6 · 13 Mar 2012 · 7,442 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Mathematical Model of Power System with Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor in Long Transmission LinePrechanon KumkratugProblem statement: It is becoming increasingly important to fully utilize the existing transmission system assets due to environmental legislation, rights-of-way issues and costs of construction and deregulation policies that introduced in recent years. The Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) has been proposed for the better control power flow and dynamic performance. The exact long transmission line model consists of the … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 5 · 27 Feb 2012 · 6,837 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Mathematical Model and Simulation of Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor in Medium Transmission LinePrechanon KumkratugProblem statement: It is becoming increasingly important to fully utilize the existing transmission system assets due to environmental legislation, rights-of-way issues, costs of construction and deregulation policies that introduced in recent years. The Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) has been proposed for the better control power flow and dynamic performance. The exact medium transmission line model consists of the resistance … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 4 · 9 Feb 2012 · 7,722 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Effect of the Static Var Compensator and R/X Ratio of Short Transmission Line on Transient Stability of Single Machine Infinite Bus SystemPrechanon KumkratugProblem statement: It is becoming increasingly important to fully utilize the existing transmission system assets due to environmental legislation, rights-of-way issues and costs of construction and deregulation policies that introduced in recent years. The Static Var Compensator (SVC) has been proposed for the better control power flow and dynamic performance. The exact short transmission line model consists of the resistance … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 4 · 7 Feb 2012 · 6,989 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Effect of Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor on Transient Stability of Single Machine Infinite Bus System with the Exact Short Transmission Line ModelPrechanon KumkratugProblem statement: It is becoming increasingly important to fully utilize the existing transmission system assets due to environmental legislation, rights-of-way issues, costs of construction and deregulation policies that were introduced in recent years. The Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) has been proposed for better control power flow and dynamic performance. The exact short transmission line model consists of the resistance … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 3 · 2 Feb 2012 · 7,470 accessesView PDF Cite