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76 articles for “State Variable”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSecondary Metabolite Changes in Pecan (Carya illinoensis) Tissue Damaged by Euplatypus segnis Chapuis and Associated FungiRamon Alvidrez-Villarreal, Francisco Daniel Hernandez-Castillo, Oswaldo Garcia-Martinez et al.Problem statement: The borer insect Euplatypus segnis Chapuis is associated to Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Alternariaalternata and Botryodiplodia theobromae fungi which produce regressive death in pecan (Carya illinoensis) trees. In the Mexico northern have been reported loses estimatesof more than 20% in production by the combination of insects and phyto-pathogen organisms. It also has been observed that some trees can … …American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2011 · 8,174 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractElapse Time Factor on Induced Vegetative Moisture Uptake in an Unsaturated SoilMuazu Mohammed Abdullahi, Nazri Bn Ali, Kamarudin Bn Haj AhmedProblem statement: Soil consolidation is generally time dependent, therefore soil displacement as a result root water uptake is space and time dependent. The time-dependent nature of abstraction of ground water by vegetation need to be evaluated in order understand the effect of time elapse on matric suction a generation and subsequent ground displacement. Approach: The current approach used the theory … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 4 · 4 Nov 2010 · 7,710 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Hybrid of Fuzzy and Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller for Electro-Hydraulic Position Servo SystemPornjit Pratumsuwan, Siripun Thongchai, Surapun TansriwongProblem statement: While classical PID controllers are sensitive to variations in the system parameters, Fuzzy controllers do not need precise information about the system variables in order to be effective. However, PID controllers are better able to control and minimize the steady state error of the system. To enhance the controller performance, hybridization of these two controller structures comes to … …Energy Research Journal, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 31 Oct 2010 · 10,516 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCost Analysis of a Two Dissimilar-Unit Cold Standby Redundant System Subject to Inspection and Random Change in UnitsG. S. Mokaddis, C. H. MattaProblem statement: This study deled with the cost analysis of a two dissimilar unit cold standby redundant system subject to inspection and random change in units. In this system each unit works in two different modes normal and total failure. Assuming that the failure, repair, post repair, interchange of units and inspection times are stochastically independent random variables each having … …Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, Vol. 6, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2010 · 7,298 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Self-Tuning Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle, Based On Taguchi MethodM. Santhakumar, T. AsokanProblem statement: Conventional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers exhibit moderately good performance once the PID gains are properly tuned. However, when the dynamic characteristics of the system are time dependent or the operating conditions of the system vary, it is necessary to retune the gains to obtain desired performance. This situation has renewed the interest of researchers and practitioners in PID control. … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 6, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2010 · 7,855 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEnvironmental Functions Provided by Malaysian Local Government: User's PerceptionZaherawati Zakaria, Zuriawati Zakaria, Nazni Noordin, Mohd Zool Hilmie Mohamed SawalProblem statement: This research is about users’ perception of environmental functions provided by local government focused on Kedah Local authorities. Recently, the local authorities in Malaysia have been soundly criticized for poor management and they are subjected to daily barrage of questions and complaints directly in the press and tougher higher ups at the state and federal levels. Approach: Due … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2010 · 7,771 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDetermination and Evaluation of Privatization Effects on Financial Performance of Firms in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE)Hossein Panahian, Hamid AkbarzadehProblem statement: Does privatization process, as form of transferring the control of public (state-owned) companies via Tehran Stock Exchange, effect positively on their financial performance? In this study privatized and public firms were compared during 3 years before and after privatization process from 1994 -2007. Approach: To achieve the purpose of the study, the pre-test and post-test design was used. … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 4 · 30 Apr 2010 · 6,928 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDeveloping a Paradigm for Describing Diversity and Multiculturalism in Modern AmericaMary Beth Leidman, Bradley E. WigginsProblem statement: There exists misconceptions about the roles and characteristics of diversity and multiculturalism is American Society. The definitions and interrelationships are skewed as there continue to exist unanswered questions about to what extent the society is multicultural. Approach: The objective is to illustrated and discussed a theoretical construct where it will be possible to define, examine and test specific … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2010 · 8,134 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractModeling of an Industrial Riser in the Fluid Catalytic Cracking UnitMehran Heydari, Habib Ale Ebrahim, Bahram DabirProblem statement: The aim of this study is to obtain a model that can simulate the performance of an industrial fluid catalytic cracking unit in steady state. Approach: The reactions in the riser occur in a transported bed with the fluid and the solids in ideal plug flow. One of the main advantages of the model is that it does … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 2 · 28 Feb 2010 · 8,117 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractWater Quality and Planktonic Communities in Al-Khadoud Spring, Al-Hassa, Saudi ArabiaAdel A. Fathi, Mohammed A. Al-KahtaniProblem statement: Al-Khadoud spring is one of the most important water resources in Al- Hassa Governorate, Saudi Arabia. However, much of its biotic information is still unknown. This study presented preliminary ecological information of this aquatic body. The aim of this research was to study the water characteristics and the planktonic organisms inhibiting Al-Khadoud spring and its irrigational channels for … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 3 · 30 Jun 2009 · 7,057 accessesView PDFCite