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69 results for “Viral Infection”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractImmunodeficient Parameters in the HIV-1 Transgenic Rat ModelSulie L. Chang, Frank Ocasio, Jose A. BeltranRecently an HIV-1 transgenic (HIV-1Tg) rat model was created that carries a gag-pol-deleted HIV-1 genome under the control of the HIV-1 viral promoter. However, other viral proteins are expressed in most organs and tissues, and are found in the circulating blood. Since HIV-1 targets the immune system in humans, we examined two immunological parameters, leukocyte-endothelial adhesion (LEA) and inflammatory cytokine … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 3, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2007 · 7,834 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractHIV-1 Infection and Central Monoamine NeurotransmittersAdarsh M. Kumar, J. B. Fernandez, Irina Borodowsky et al.Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) enters the central nervous system (CNS) shortly after infection and gets localized in different brain regions, leading to various types of neuropathological problems. It has been hypothesized that HIV-1 infection mediated neuropathogenesis may also adversely affect the activity of the central monoamine neurotransmitters systems, such as dopamine (DA), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin), resulting in … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 3, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2007 · 7,491 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSuppression of Basal and Cytokine Induced Expression of MHC, ICAM 1 and B7 Markers on Mouse Lung Epithelial Cells Exposed to Diesel Exhaust ParticlesRajiv K. Saxena, Wanda Williams, M. Ian GilmourDiesel exhaust particles (DEP) constitute a significant component of airborne particulates in urban environment. Exposure to DEP is known to enhance susceptibility to viral and bacterial infections. We hypothesized that DEP could partially exert its effect on disease susceptibility by interfering with antigen presentation required for the generation of protective adaptive immune responses. MHC class I and class II molecules, … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 3, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2007 · 6,607 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPrevalence of Human Papillomavirus Types Among Mexican Women with Intraepithelial Lesions and Cervical Cancer: Detection with MY09/MY011 and GP5+/GP6+ Primer SystemsGloria Fernández-Tilapa, Berenice Illades-Aguiar, Dinorah Nashely Martínez-Carrillo et al.Squamous cervical carcinoma (SCC) is the most common cancer found in Mexican women. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a prerequisite for this disease. In Mexico little is known about the prevalence of HPV-types and knowledge of the circulating genotypes by region is limited. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and genotypes of HPV in biopsies from … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 3, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2007 · 7,306 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractApplications of Real-time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction in Clinical Virology Laboratories for the Diagnosis of Human DiseasesR. Manojkumar, V. MrudulaEarly diagnosis that prevents further expansion of the causative agent and thereby aids control and eradication of infectious agents is critical for countries trying to obtain a particular disease free status. In these diagnostics speed is paramount, including the assay’s applicability, sensitivity, specificity, cost effectiveness and patentability. Real-time Reverse Transcription PCR (rRT-PCR) has revolutionized the field of molecular biology and … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 2, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2006 · 6,553 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOpiates Upregulate Adhesion Molecule Expression in Brain MicroVascular Endothelial Cells (BMVEC): Implications for Altered Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) PermeabilityMadhavan P.N. Nair, Supriya D. Mahajan, Jessica L. ReynoldsThe blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an intricate cellular system composed of vascular endothelial cells and perivascular astrocytes that restrict the passage of immunocompetent cells into the central nervous system (CNS). Expression of the adhesion molecules, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) on brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC) and their interaction with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2006 · 6,610 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Changing Pathology of NeuroAIDS Associated with Drug Abuse in the Era of HAARTE Bell Jeanne, C. Anthony Iain, Simmonds PeterCompliance with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) arrests HIV induced immune collapse and reduces the prevalence of severe central nervous system (CNS) complications, including HIV associated dementia and encephalitis. However minor cognitive disorders remain common and recent autopsy studies have demonstrated the presence of subtle neuropathological abnormalities in HAART treated individuals, including persistent neuroinflammation and enhanced deposition in the brain … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2006 · 6,872 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractInduction of Caspase-dependant Apoptosis by Enterovirus 70 in Human Lens Epithelial SRA01/04 CellsDequan Chen, Chris Duggan, Donald E. Texada et al.Enterovirus 70 (EV70), an etiological agent of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC), induces apoptosis in human Chang’s conjunctival (HCC) cells. EV70 is also able to infect and replicate in some other human cells such as human lens epithelial SRA01/04 cells and U937 cells. EV70 infection was found to induce apoptosis in SRA01/04 cells. During EV70-induced apoptosis of SRA01/04 cells, the expression … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2005 · 6,636 accessesView PDFCite
Review ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPromising Effects of Beta-Glucans on Metabolism and on the Immune Responses: Review ArticleViviam de Oliveira Silva, Natália Oliveira de Moura, Larissa Jahnel Rodrigues de Oliveira et al.A public health issue, Diabetes mellitus, affects millions of people around the globe. Ingestion of foods with a low glycemic index - fiber-rich meals-such as beta-glucans, is increasing as an important alternative for diabetes control. These compounds act reducing parameters such as blood glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides, by decreasing the absorption of glucose and lipids by enterocytes and eventually promote … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 13, Issue 1 · 29 Mar 2017 · 12,684 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractTherapeutic Effects of Highly Purified De-Glycosylated Gcmaf in the Immunotherapy of Patients with Chronic DiseasesLynda Thyer, Emma Ward, Rodney Smith et al.The de-Glycosylated vitamin D binding protein is a powerful Macrophage Activating Factor (GcMAF) that shows multiple biological effects that could be exploited in the immunotherapy of tumours, viral infections and autism. Here we report the observation of a series of clinical cases describing the results obtained administering highly purified GcMAF to patients with diverse types of chronic diseases. These are … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 9, Issue 3 · 20 Aug 2013 · 11,858 accessesView PDFCite