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58 articles for “Nervous System”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractHIV-1 Infection and Central Monoamine NeurotransmittersAdarsh M. Kumar, J. B. Fernandez, Irina Borodowsky et al.Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) enters the central nervous system (CNS) shortly after infection and gets localized in different brain regions, leading to various types of neuropathological problems. It has been hypothesized that HIV-1 infection mediated neuropathogenesis may also adversely affect the activity of the central monoamine neurotransmitters systems, such as dopamine (DA), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin), resulting in … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 3, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2007 · 7,491 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAssessment of Canadian Regulations and Remediation Methods for Diesel Oil Contaminated SoilsD. G. Rushton, A E. Ghaly, K. MartinellDiesel fuel released into the environment can contaminate ground water, degrade potable water supplies and cause the collapse of fisheries. They are toxic to both animals and humans and can affect the liver, lungs, kidneys, and nervous system leading to cancer as well as immunological and reproductive effects. The objectives of this study were to review current Canadian regulations pertaining … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 7 · 31 Jul 2007 · 8,758 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) and F-wave Latency in Patients with Diabetic polyneuropathyNaser Zangiabadi, Mohamad N. Ahrari, Nouzar NakhaeeDiabetes mellitus with the prevalence rate of 8.9-12.3% in human population, ultimately leads to the peripheral nervous system involvement in many patients. It causes various types of polyneuropathies, which may manifest abnormalities such as impaired nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and prolonged F-wave latency. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of omega-3 fatty acids on NCV and … …American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol. 2, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2007 · 9,272 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractNeuropsychological Dysfunction among HIV Infected Drug AbusersRamani S. Durvasula, Charles H. HinkinHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been documented to cause direct and indirect central nervous system dysfunction that can be observed as a progressive decline in neuropsychological functioning in a large proportion of persons with HIV and AIDS. Neuropsychological decline in individuals with HIV is characterized by cognitive and motor slowing, attentional deficits, executive dysfunction and memory impairment (characterized by intact … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2006 · 7,155 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOpiates Upregulate Adhesion Molecule Expression in Brain MicroVascular Endothelial Cells (BMVEC): Implications for Altered Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) PermeabilityMadhavan P.N. Nair, Supriya D. Mahajan, Jessica L. ReynoldsThe blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an intricate cellular system composed of vascular endothelial cells and perivascular astrocytes that restrict the passage of immunocompetent cells into the central nervous system (CNS). Expression of the adhesion molecules, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) on brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC) and their interaction with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2006 · 6,610 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Changing Pathology of NeuroAIDS Associated with Drug Abuse in the Era of HAARTE Bell Jeanne, C. Anthony Iain, Simmonds PeterCompliance with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) arrests HIV induced immune collapse and reduces the prevalence of severe central nervous system (CNS) complications, including HIV associated dementia and encephalitis. However minor cognitive disorders remain common and recent autopsy studies have demonstrated the presence of subtle neuropathological abnormalities in HAART treated individuals, including persistent neuroinflammation and enhanced deposition in the brain … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2006 · 6,872 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractγ-Aninobutyric acid (GABA) suppresses antigen-specific immune responses in ovalbumin γ(OVA)-immunized BALB/c miceTohru Sakai, Hiroko Okada, Mitsuo Kise et al.γ-Aminobutruic acid (GABA) is known to be a ubiquitous inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that GABA modulates cardiovascular and respiratory functions. In this study, we examined the effect of GABA on antigen (Ag)-specific immune responses and elucidated the mechanisms underlying those effects in ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized BALB/c mice. OVA-specific proliferative responses were decreased in … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2005 · 6,501 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractHormetic Triggers for Intervention in Aging, Disease and TraumaJoan Smith SonnebornHormesis refers to the ability of a chemical or physical agent to condition the physiological state of an organism to tolerate stress with low doses of otherwise harmful agents. Evolutionary evidence shows that the survival and longevity of species hinge on their optimal ability to resist stress challenge. Hormesis is a potent strategy to stimulate latent repair processes to tolerate … …American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol. 3, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2008 · 7,895 accessesView PDFCite