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228 articles for “Brain”
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Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleComparison of Pre-Processing and Classification Techniques for Single-Trial and Multi-Trial P300-Based Brain Computer InterfacesChanan S. Syan, Randy E.S. HarnarinesinghThe P300 component of Event Related Brain Potentials (ERP) is commonly used in Brain Computer Interfaces (BCI) to translate the intentions of an individual into commands for external devices. The P300 response, however, resides in a signal environment of high background noise. Consequently, the main problem in developing a P300-based BCI lies in identifying the P300 response in the presence … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 9 · 30 Sep 2010 · 7,577 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleBrain Abscess Complicating an Intracranial HemorrhageM.D. Vikramjit Mukherjee, M.D. Maria Elena RuizProblem statement: A brain abscess presenting after an Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) is an extremely rare occurrence. Diagnosis in this setting is difficult, given the absence of key clinical features, such as neurologic deficit and headaches. Since a delay in the diagnosis of a brain abscess leads to poor outcomes, there should be a high index of suspicion for abscess in … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 6, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2010 · 7,551 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleBridging from Cells to Cognition in Autism Pathophysiology: Biological Pathways to Defective Brain Function and PlasticityMatthew P. Anderson, Brian S. Hooker, Martha R. HerbertWe review evidence to support a model where the disease process underlying autism may begin when an in utero or early postnatal environmental, infectious, seizure, or autoimmune insult triggers an immune response that increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the brain that leads to DNA damage (nuclear and mitochondrial) and metabolic enzyme blockade and that these inflammatory and oxidative … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 4, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2008 · 17,461 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleA Novel Rodent Model of Autism: Intraventricular Infusions of Propionic Acid Increase Locomotor Activity and Induce Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress in Discrete Regions of Adult Rat BrainDerrick F. MacFabe, Karina Rodríguez-Capote, Jennifer E. Hoffman et al.Innate neuroinflammatory changes, increased oxidative stress and disorders of glutathione metabolism may be involved in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Propionic acid (PPA) is a dietary and gut bacterial short chain fatty acid which can produce brain and behavioral changes reminiscent of ASD following intraventricular infusion in rats. Adult Long-Evans rats were given intraventricular infusions of either PPA … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 4, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2008 · 12,618 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleThe Autistic Phenotype Exhibits a Remarkably Localized Modification of Brain Protein by Products of Free Radical-Induced Lipid OxidationTeresa A. Evans, Sandra L. Siedlak, Liang Lu et al.Oxidative damage has been documented in the peripheral tissues of autism patients. In this study, we sought evidence of oxidative injury in autistic brain. Carboxyethyl pyrrole (CEP) and iso[4]levuglandin (iso[4]LG)E2-protein adducts, that are uniquely generated through peroxidation of docosahexaenoate and arachidonate-containing lipids respectively, and heme oxygenase-1 were detected immunocytochemically in cortical brain tissues and by ELISA in blood plasma. Significant … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 4, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2008 · 8,727 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleAn Improved Implementation of Brain Tumor Detection Using Segmentation Based on Neuro Fuzzy TechniqueS. Murugavalli, V. RajamaniImplementation of a neuro-fuzzy segmentation process of the MRI data is presented in this study to detect various tissues like white matter, gray matter, csf and tumor. The advantage of hierarchical self organizing map and fuzzy c means algorithms are used to classify the image layer by layer. The lowest level weight vector is achieved by the abstraction level. We … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 3, Issue 11 · 30 Nov 2007 · 7,112 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleCholesterol Metabolism in Brain and Skin Fibroblasts from Sarda Breed Sheep With Scrapie-resistant and Scrapie-susceptible GenotypesAlessandra Pani, Claudia Abete, Claudia Norfo et al.Scrapie is a fatal spongiform encephalopathy of sheep, a transmissible form of prion disease caused by neuronal accumulation of the aberrantly conformed prion protein (PrPsc). Currently, no ante-mortem diagnostic tests are available to detect this untreatable disease in the pre-clinical stage, thus making difficult to control its spread. Recent evidence suggests that the production of PrPsc can be modulated by … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 3, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2007 · 7,263 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleCryptococcosis Neuro-Brain in 42 Patients at the University Hospital of BrazzavilleOssibi Ibara Bienvenu Rolland, Mabiala Babela Jean Robert, Attinsounon Cossi Angelo et al.To describe epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic; and evolutionary aspects of Neuromeningeal Cryptococcus (NMC) at Brazzaville University Hospital and to find out factors associated to death. A descriptive and analytical retrospective study of NMC files in the infectious diseases department between January 1 and December 31, 2013. 973 patients were hospitalized, 42 NMC cases (4.3%) were compiled. The mean age was 40.2±10.4 … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 13, Issue 4 · 2 Mar 2018 · 7,411 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleA Phenolic Ester of O-Desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV) Improves Uptake of ODV into the BrainYang Zhang, Zhichao Yang, Sen Zhao, Hongli ZhouIn this study, the in vitro stabilities of a promising O-Desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV) phenolic ester prodrug O-19 in aqueous solution, rat whole blood and rat liver microsomes were investigated. In addition, the in vivo drug metabolites were determined using LC-TOFMS-IDA-MS/MS. O-19 exhibits high stabilities at any pH encountered in the gastrointestinal tract, its half live (t1/2) spans the range 5.0±0.18 d … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 12, Issue 4 · 11 Dec 2016 · 7,162 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleAn Enhanced Approach for Medical Brain Image EnhancementJ. Umamaheswari, G. RadhamaniProblem statement: One of the most common degradations in medical images is their poor contrast quality and noise. The DICOM image consists of speckle (multiplicative noise). While the image is enhanced, the multiplicative noise present in the image is also enhanced. Approach: This study describes the hybrid method to improve the image quality of Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 8, Issue 8 · 27 Jul 2012 · 6,969 accessesView PDFCite