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541 results for “Mechanisms”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractRole of HIV-1 Infection in Addictive Behavior: A Study of a HIV-1 Transgenic Rat ModelSulie L. Chang, Michael VigoritoEpidemiological research indicates that drug abuse is prevalent among individuals infected with HIV-1. Evidence from preclinical research also suggests that drugs of abuse exacerbate the progression of neuropathological changes in the HIV-1 infected brain probably through common mechanisms of neuronal injury. The effects of HIV-1 on the efficacy and abuse potential of controlled drugs such as morphine, however, has not … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2006 · 7,634 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOpiates Upregulate Adhesion Molecule Expression in Brain MicroVascular Endothelial Cells (BMVEC): Implications for Altered Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) PermeabilityMadhavan P.N. Nair, Supriya D. Mahajan, Jessica L. ReynoldsThe blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an intricate cellular system composed of vascular endothelial cells and perivascular astrocytes that restrict the passage of immunocompetent cells into the central nervous system (CNS). Expression of the adhesion molecules, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) on brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC) and their interaction with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2006 · 6,614 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSurvival and Changes in Germination Response of Rumex obtusifolius Polygonum longisetum and Oenothera biennis during Burial at Three Soil DepthsShiro TsuyuzakiTo investigate patterns in seed germination and survival at three different soil depths over a long time span, seeds of Rumex obtusifolius, Polygonum longisetum and Oenothera biennis were examined as a function of season (spring, autumn) and soil depth (3, 10, 30 cm). Buried seeds were exhumed after 3 years and subjected to two different temperature treatments. These were gradually … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2006 · 7,204 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractFunctional Characterization of Neutrophils from Nine-Banded Armadillos (Dasypus novemcicntus; Edentata, Dasypodidae) Infected with MicrofilariaeMarcela López-Hurtado, Fernando M. Guerra-InfanteThe neutrophils from uninfected armadillos have adequate phagocytic and bacteriocidal activity, but diminished chemotactic activity. However, endocytic activity from armadillo neutrophils infected with bacteria, parasites or viruses is unknown. This report shows that neutrophils from armadillos infected with microfilariae displayed deficiencies in their bacteriocidal mechanisms and TNF-like production, but not in their endocytic capacity. …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 1 · 30 Jun 2006 · 6,662 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPerformance Evaluation of Implementing Calls Prioritization with Different Queuing Disciplines in Mobile Wireless NetworksSalman A. AlQahtani, Nasser-Eddine RikliIt is known that efficient call handling mechanisms can greatly improve cellular network performance. One way to improve system performance of cellular network is to use efficient handover schemes when users changes between cells. This paper focuses on the performance evaluation of originating and handover calls prioritization using different queue size and discipline. Both calls will be queued until they … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 2, Issue 5 · 31 May 2006 · 6,472 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSoftware Process Modeling Using Role and CoordinationAtil Fadila, Ghoul Said, Bounour NoraThe term software process joins all activities that have to be achieved in order to develop software. It has been shown that modeling such processes is difficult and expensive task. It's confirmed by diversity of software processes modeling approaches which are however, not satisfactory. This study deals with an area of growing importance and presents a role- and coordination- based … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 2, Issue 4 · 30 Apr 2006 · 6,575 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Biology of p21Waf1/Cip1 - Review PaperRenald A. Blundellp21WAF1/Cip1 belongs to the Cip/Kip family of cyclin kinase inhibitors (CKI) (p21Waf1/Cip1, p27Kip1, p57Kip1). p21Waf1/Cip1 was first described as a potent and universal inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks). Two forms of functionally active p21 has been localized and described: a nuclear and a cytoplasmic forms. In this paper the structures of p21 has been described and as well as it … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 2, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2006 · 7,018 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractStudy of the Flow Structure of A Thermal Plume Evolving in an Unlimited and in A Semi-Enclosed EnvironmentJamil Zinoubi, A. Ould Mohamed Mahmoud, Taoufik Naffouti et al.The basic objective of this study was to better knowledge the fine flow structure of thermal plume created by a heated disk, evolving in an unlimited and in a semi-enclosed environment. The flow visualization and the study of the temperature fluctuations spectrum show clearly a considerable change of the turbulent structure of the internal flow in comparison with the free … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 1 · 31 Jan 2006 · 7,034 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractMeta Architecting: Towered a New Generation of Architecture Description LanguagesAdel Smeda, Tahar Khammaci, Mourad OussalahThe techniques of meta-modeling and meta-levels have become a mature concept and have been largely used to solve real problems in programming languages, distributed environments, knowledge representation, or data bases. In this article it is shown how the same techniques can be applied in component-based software architecture. It also shown the need to propose mechanisms of reflexivity within the domain … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 1, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2005 · 6,483 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractFabric Behavior of Sand in Post-liquefactionSeyed Amirodin SadrnejadAn anisotropic plasticity model for post-liquefaction of the undrained behavior of sand is presented. The model incorporates the critical/steady state concept that postulates the existence of a state where sand continuously deforms at a certain constant effective stress depending two main parameters of both initial bulk parameters (void ratio or relative density) and the stress level (mean stress). The local … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 12 · 31 Dec 2005 · 6,412 accessesView PDFCite