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540 articles for “Nature”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Determinants of Urban Household Poverty in MalaysiaT. Y. Mok, C. Gan, A. SanyalSince independence in 1950s Malaysia has been recognized as one of the more successful countries in fighting poverty: head count ratio came down to 5.7% by 2004. However the recent process of rapid urbanization has led to an increase of urban poverty aggravated further by the 1997 Asian financial crisis. It is important to understand the nature and scale of … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2007 · 9,859 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOn the Discretized Algorithm for Optimal Problems Constrained by Differential Equation with Real CoefficientsO. OlotuA discretized scheme, Discretized Continuous Algorithm (DCA), for solving constrained quadratic optimal control problems was developed to ease the computational cumbersomeness inherent in some existing algorithms, particularly, the Function Space A lgorithm (FSA) by replacing the integral by a series of summation. In order to accomplish this numerical scheme, we resort to a finite approximation of it by discretizing its … …Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, Vol. 3, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2007 · 6,854 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractFunctional Link Artificial Neural Network for Classification Task in Data MiningB. B. Misra, S. DehuriIn solving classification task of data mining, the traditional algorithm such as multi-layer perceptron takes longer time to optimize the weight vectors. At the same time, the complexity of the network increases as the number of layers increases. In this study, we have used Functional Link Artificial Neural Networks (FLANN) for the task of classification. In contrast to multiple layer … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 3, Issue 12 · 31 Dec 2007 · 60,801 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractHIV Prevention Intervention Outcome among Minority Adolescents in Court Mandated Drug TreatmentJessy Devieux, Robert C. McMahon, Rhonda Rosenberg, Robert M. MalowProblem statement: Delinquent adolescents with substance abuse disorders frequently engage in behaviors that elevate their risk of contracting HIV. Although effective risk reduction interventions are urgently needed, there is uncertainty about the nature of interventions required to produce change. Approach: This study evaluated whether Modified version of Becoming A Responsible Teen (M-BART) produced greater reductions in drug use and sexual … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 3, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2007 · 6,342 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractRedox Sensing and Cardiac Myocyte Loss: Some Recent InsightsShyamal K. GoswamiGeneration of reactive oxygen-nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) has long been ascribed to pathophysiological conditions like ageing, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders. However, more recent evidences suggest that while generation of ROS/RNS at a higher threshold is deleterious, at a lower dose these can act as second messengers, influencing specific cellular events like cell growth and differentiation, embryonic development, protection against ischemic injuries … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 3, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2007 · 6,350 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractLightning Over-Voltages on Amman-Aqaba 400 KV LineGhassan Halasa, Ibrahim Badran, Hafez El-ZayyatAn attempt is made to evaluate the lightning over-voltage failure rate for Amman- Aqaba 400kV transmission line by studying the geographical and temporal characteristics of lightning causing the line forced outages. The line was divided into three sections based on weather and pollution conditions. It was found that the line failure rate due to lightning over-voltages is low compared to … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 12 · 31 Dec 2007 · 6,640 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAutomatic Arabic Hand Written Text Recognition SystemIsmael Ahmad JannoudDespite of the decent development of the pattern recognition science applications in the last decade of the twentieth century and this century, text recognition remains one of the most important problems in pattern recognition. To the best of our knowledge, little work has been done in the area of Arabic text recognition compared with those for Latin, Chins and Japanese … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 11 · 30 Nov 2007 · 7,319 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractExperimental Comparison Between Evolutionary Algorithm and Barycenter Heuristic for the Bipartite Drawing ProblemZoheir EzzianeThis research investigates the use of intelligent techniques for the bipartite drawing problem (BDP). Due to the combinatorial nature of the solution space, the use of traditional search methods lead to exponential time. Hence, the aim of this paper is to speed up the search time when solving the BDP through the use of Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) and Barycenter Heuristic … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 3, Issue 9 · 30 Sep 2007 · 6,723 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Spatial-Temporal Variability of Nitrates in a Section of the Cuneo Plain (North West Italy)Massimo Vincenzo Civita, Adriano Fiorucci, Bartolomeo VignaThe study of an aquifer system is very important, but also very complicated because of the high temporal and spatial variabilities of a system and because of the phenomena that are at play within the system. It is from these problems that the necessity arises of finding methods that are able to extend point knowledge to an entire area, while … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2007 · 6,733 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThermodynamic Profile of Some Heavy Metal Ions Adsorption Onto Biomaterial SurfacesMedhat A. ShakerThe adsorption of Co2+, Zn2+, Pb2+ and Hg2+ onto dried non-living biomass (NB) of different Pseudomonas strains has been investigated in detail. Maximum adsorption of these cations is achieved at optimum pH values from 3.5 to 4.5 to avoid hydrolysis, polymerization and precipitation of metal cations in the treatment solutions. The experimental data obtained at different temperatures were fitted to … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2007 · 6,881 accessesView PDFCite