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95 articles for “conversion effect”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractMicrowave Assisted Bioethanol Production from Sago Starch by Co-Culturing of Ragi Tapai and Saccharomyces CerevisiaeN. Saifuddin, Refal HussainProblem statement: Environmental issues such as global warming and recent events throughout the world, including the shortage of petroleum crude oil, the sharp increase in the cost of oil and the political instability of some crude oil producing countries, have demonstrated the vulnerability of the present sources for liquid fuel. These situations have created great demand for ethanol from fermentation … …Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, Vol. 7, Issue 3 · 18 Jul 2011 · 7,898 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractNatural Sensitizer for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Three Layers of Photoelectrode Thin Films with a Schottky BarrierHo Chang, Mu-Jung Kao, Tien-Li Chen et al.Problem statement: This study combines Au nanoparticles with TiO2 nanoparticles to form a Schottky barrier and applies it to the photoelectrode thin film of Dye-Sensitized Solar cells (DSSCs). Approach: First, commercial TiO2 powder (Degussa P25) was put into the alkaline solution to prepare TiO nanotubes (Tnt) by a hydrothermal process. Tnt were sintered at 550° to obtain TntC550 particles and … …Current Research in Nanotechnology, Vol. 1, Issue 1 · 15 Jun 2011 · 7,983 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractInfluence of Citric Acid and Microbial Phytase on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler ChickensRouhollah Nourmohammadi, Seyed Mohammad Hosseini, Homayoun FarhangfarProblem statement: The aim of this study was to investigated the effects of adding citric acid and microbial phytase supplementation (Natuphos®) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed corn soybean meal base diets. Approach: The experiment included nine treatments with 10 birds in each replicate using a 3×3 factorial design for two main factors of citric acid … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2010 · 8,297 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSummarizing Spatial Distribution Density, Movement Patterns and Food Resources to Study the Impacts of Logging and Forest Conversion on Orang-utan PopulationRaymond Alfred, Koh Pei Hue, Lee Shan Khee, Rayner AlfredProblem statement: Orang-utan is classified as a totally protected species and is listed as an endangered species in Borneo. The survival of this species is highly dependent on the existence and quality of the lowland forest of Sabah. However, most of the pristine habitats in the lowland area have been converted into other land use activities such as a large … …OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 10, Issue 2 · 31 Oct 2010 · 8,184 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEffect of Converting Secondary Tropical Peat Swamp Forest into Oil Palm Plantation on Selected Peat Soil Physical PropertiesMohd Suffian Firdaus, Seca Gandaseca, Osumanu Haruna Ahmed, Nik Muhamad Ab. MajidProblem statement: The conversion of forest land into oil palm plantation is considered to be one of the causes of soil degradation and loss of tropical land forest in Southeast Asia. The objective of this study was to compare selected peat soil physical properties of secondary tropical peat swamp forest and oil palm plantation to determine the effect of forest … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 4 · 31 Aug 2010 · 8,742 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEnzymatic Synthesis of Palm Alkyl Ester Using Dialkyl Carbonate as an Alkyl DonorsRoila Awang, Choo Yuen MayProblem statement: Though efficient in terms of reaction yield and time, the chemical approach to synthesizing alkyl ester has drawback such as difficulties in the recovery of glycerol and the need for removal of salt residue. On the other hand, biocatalyst allow for synthesis of specific alkyl esters and easy recovery of glycerol. However, the solvent-free alcoholysis, does not give … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2010 · 7,235 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractMethanol-Based Transesterification Optimization of Waste Used Cooking Oil over Potassium Hydroxide CatalystCholada Komintarachat, Sathaporn ChuepengProblem statement: Waste used Cooking Oil (WCO) harmfully affected to environment and human’s health can be a feedstock for producing biodiesel. Approach: The conversion of Fatty Acid and Free Fatty Acid (FFA) of WCO with 15.0% w/w FFA content to biodiesel was studied through transesterification reactions. This work investigated the effects of alcohol and catalyst quantity, reaction time and temperature … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2010 · 9,739 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractBioethanol Production from Rice StrawNutawan Yoswathana, Phattayawadee Phuriphipat, Pattranit Treyawutthiwat, Mohammad Naghi EshtiaghiProblem statement: Rice straw has been treated with different chemical (acid, alkali) and physical (subcritical water, ultrasound) methods to convert lignocellulose material to sugar. In addition enzyme treatment of pretreated samples has been applied to improve the conversion of lignocellulose material in sugar. Approach: Sulfuric acid at concentration of 1-9% was applied for acid treatment. For alkali treatment was sodium … …Energy Research Journal, Vol. 1, Issue 1 · 30 Jun 2010 · 18,056 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEffect of Dietary Protein and Lysine on Performance and Carcass Yield of TurkeysF. Peñaranda-Ali, R. Santos-Ricalde, L. Sarmiento-Franco et al.Problem statement: There is a concern related to loss of nitrogen to the environment from animal manure and the high cost of the protein supplement. Thus, the current study was undertaken to determine the effect of reduction of CP and increased of lysine on growth and carcass yield in turkeys. Approach: A factorial experiment was carried out with commercial turkeys … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2010 · 7,637 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEffect of L-Leucine Supplementation on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Grower-Broiler Chickens Fed Low Protein DietsE. Erwan, A. R. Alimon, A. Q. Sazili et al.Problem statement: Supplementation of broiler diets with cristalline amino acids (i.e. lysine, ethionine and threonine) may support equal broiler growth and improve overall amino acids balance and enable a reduction in CP level of diets. Approach: A trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplemental L-leucine in diets containing recommended levels and low crude protein (20 and 18%, respectively) … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2009 · 8,965 accessesView PDFCite