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119 results for “Produced Water”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractGeographical Information System Techniques for Evaluation of Groundwater QualityShahram Ashraf, Hossein Afshari, Abdol Ghaffar EbadiProblem Statement: The present paper tries to assess groundwater suitability for irrigation purpose in Damghan plain (5400 ha). Approach: Twenty four water samples were collected from the active wells. Parameters such as Electrical Conductivity (EC), pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), were recorded in the field and major anions and cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, CO32-, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42- and NO3-) … …American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 2 · 24 Jun 2011 · 8,127 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractApplication of Soil and Water Assessment Tools Model for Runoff EstimationM. Hosseini, M.S.M. Amin, A.M. Ghafouri, M.R. TabatabaeiProblem statement: The most of the distributed or physically-based hydrologic and water quality models from developed countries are not directly applicable in developing countries due to both lack of data and different climatic conditions. Hence, there is a need for a study to be conducted a catchment of developed countries. Approach: From a review of various models to estimate runoff … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 5 · 17 May 2011 · 8,521 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEffect of Temperature on the Color of Natural Dyes Extracted Using Pressurized Hot Water Extraction MethodNursyamirah Abd Razak, Siti Marsinah Tumin, Ruziyati TajuddinProblem statement: Traditionally, extraction of natural dyes with boiling method produced only one single tone of colorant/dyes which involved plenty of water in several hours of extraction time. A new modern extraction technique should be introduced especially to textile dyers so that a variety of tone of colorants can be produced in a shorter time with less consumption of water. … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 1 · 31 Jan 2011 · 9,858 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractBioethanol Production from Rice StrawNutawan Yoswathana, Phattayawadee Phuriphipat, Pattranit Treyawutthiwat, Mohammad Naghi EshtiaghiProblem statement: Rice straw has been treated with different chemical (acid, alkali) and physical (subcritical water, ultrasound) methods to convert lignocellulose material to sugar. In addition enzyme treatment of pretreated samples has been applied to improve the conversion of lignocellulose material in sugar. Approach: Sulfuric acid at concentration of 1-9% was applied for acid treatment. For alkali treatment was sodium … …Energy Research Journal, Vol. 1, Issue 1 · 30 Jun 2010 · 18,065 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractQuality of Potable Water in KuwaitFawzia M. Al-Ruwaih, Jasem M. Alhumoud, Sara M. Al-MutairiProblem statement: Kuwait is an arid country with limited natural water resources. As such, Kuwait produces its drinking water using the Multi-Stage-Flash method (MSF) in distillation plants to produce distilled water from sea water. The distilled water is blended with the brackish groundwater in different blending ratios, to produce drinking water, as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). Approach: The … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 3 · 30 Jun 2010 · 8,348 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSpatial Variability of Irrigation Water Percolation Rates and Its Relation to Rice ProductivityW. Aimrun, M.S.M. Amin, A. GholizadehProblem statement: Study on spatial variability of vertical saturated hydraulic conductivity or percolation loss was conducted within a plot of an area of 1.2 ha paddy plot to find out the relationship between percolation rate and rice productivity. A paddy soil condition that permits percolation rate of 10-20 mm irrigation water day-1 was recommended in order to get high yield … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 1 · 31 Jan 2010 · 8,150 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractProduction of Potassium and Calcium Hydroxide, Compost and Humic Acid from Sago (Metroxylon sagu) WasteC. P. Auldry, O. H. Ahmed, A.M. Nik Muhamad et al.Problem statement: Agriculture waste such as Sago Waste (SW) has a potential to cause pollution when the waste is discarded into rivers. In order to add value to SW, a study was conducted to produce potassium and calcium hydroxide, compost and Humic Acid (HA) from SW. Approach: The SW was air-dried and some grinded. The grinded SW was incinerated at … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 5 · 31 Oct 2009 · 7,588 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAnalyzing the Effects of Water and Agriculture Policy Strategies: An Iranian experienceReza Moghaddasi, Ali Bakhshi, Mahmood Daneshvar KakhkiProblem statement: Because of growing demand for water resources, increasing cost of supplying water and overdraft of underground waters, economists suggest water pricing policy to improve water allocation efficiency in Iran. While due to political risk, economic and cultural concerns, government tends to reject that advice. This study addressed questions of what policy alternatives to water pricing could be used … …American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2009 · 8,308 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCoating and Encapsulation of Nanoparticles using Supercritical AntisolventG. H. Chong, R. Yunus, N. Abdullah et al.Problem statement: Literature on the production of nanoparticles using supercritical fluids is substantial, but comparatively much less for nanoencapsulation. Approach: In this study, a modified Supercritical Anti Solvent (SAS) apparatus was fabricated for use in the production of nanoparticles using carbon dioxide as the supercritical fluid (SCF). SAS technique involves precipitation of solids from liquid solution under supercritical antisolvent-induced condition. … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 7 · 31 Jul 2009 · 8,422 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractWastewater Treatment Using Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed WetlandS. Sarafraz, Thamer Ahamad Mohammad, Megat J. Megat M. Noor, A. LiaghatThe last few decades witnessed sharp focus on environment pollution and its impact on life in nature. Wetlands can be used for biological treatment of wastewater. Problem statement: Scarcity of water is considered as a global problem and Iran is one the countries which is facing water shortage problem. Pollution of water bodies restrict the availability of water for various … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 1 · 28 Feb 2009 · 8,796 accessesView PDFCite