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468 results for “neuro”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCortisol Response Mediates HIV-1-Related Cognitive Deficits Among Injecting Drug AbusersRaymond L. Ownby, Drenna Waldrop-Valverde, Adarsh M. Kumar et al.The cortisol response is an important measure of the endocrine activity to environmental challenges and has been related to cognitive function and mood. Previous studies have shown that the cortisol response to stress is dysregulated in persons with HIV-1 infection. Since cortisol is neurotoxic and its levels have been related to cognitive dysfunction in various disorders, it is possible that … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2006 · 6,762 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOpiates Upregulate Adhesion Molecule Expression in Brain MicroVascular Endothelial Cells (BMVEC): Implications for Altered Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) PermeabilityMadhavan P.N. Nair, Supriya D. Mahajan, Jessica L. ReynoldsThe blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an intricate cellular system composed of vascular endothelial cells and perivascular astrocytes that restrict the passage of immunocompetent cells into the central nervous system (CNS). Expression of the adhesion molecules, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) on brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC) and their interaction with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2006 · 6,614 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractHeroin-Induces Differential Protein Expression by Normal Human Astrocytes (NHA)Jessica L. Reynolds, Supriya D. Mahajan, Donald Sykes, Madhavan P.N. NairHeroin use is postulated to act as a cofactor in the neuropathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection. Astrocytes, integral components of the CNS, are reported to be susceptible to HIV-1 infection. Upon activation, astrocytes release a number of immunoregulatory products or modulate the expression of a number of proteins that foster the immunopathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. However, the role … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2006 · 7,267 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPhysical Basis of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and its Application to Central Nervous System DiseasesNicolás Fayed, Salvador Olmos, Humberto Morales, Pedro J. ModregoMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy is based on the chemical shift property of the atom nuclei when a magnetic field is applied. This technique offers invaluable information about living tissues with special contribution to the diagnosis and prognosis of the central nervous system diseases. Concentration of several metabolites can be assessed in a reproducible manner by means of modern clinical scanners. N-acetyl-aspartate … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 5 · 31 May 2006 · 7,858 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDigital Hardware Implementation of a Neural System Used for Nonlinear Adaptive PredictionHassène Faiedh, Chokri Souani, Kholdoun Torki, Kamel BesbesNeural networks have been widely used for many applications in digital communications. They are able to give solutions to complex problems due to their nonlinear processing and their learning and generalization. Neural networks are one of the key technologies for the communication domain and accordingly a special effort may be expected to be paid to real time hardware implementation issues. … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 2, Issue 4 · 30 Apr 2006 · 6,767 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractTi: Cognitive Function in Diabetes Mellitus PatientsRostam SeyfaddiniNeuropathies are one of the most common complications in diabetic patients. Several studies determined relationship between cognitive disorders and diabetes mellitus (DM). The historical cohort study was designed to distinguish relation of DM and cognitive decrements. The Wisconsin Card Sort Test (WCST) and Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE) were conducted for evaluation of cognitive problems. Fifty diabetic patient and 48 control … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 1 · 31 Jan 2006 · 6,939 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractγ-Aninobutyric acid (GABA) suppresses antigen-specific immune responses in ovalbumin γ(OVA)-immunized BALB/c miceTohru Sakai, Hiroko Okada, Mitsuo Kise et al.γ-Aminobutruic acid (GABA) is known to be a ubiquitous inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that GABA modulates cardiovascular and respiratory functions. In this study, we examined the effect of GABA on antigen (Ag)-specific immune responses and elucidated the mechanisms underlying those effects in ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized BALB/c mice. OVA-specific proliferative responses were decreased in … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2005 · 6,503 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPDX-1 and MafA: Key Transcription Factors in PancreasHideaki Kaneto, Takeshi Miyatsuka, Yoshihisa Nakatani, Taka-aki MatsuokaPancreatic and duodenal homeobox factor-1 (PDX-1) plays a crucial role in pancreas development, β-cell differentiation and in maintaining normal β-cell function by regulating several β-cell-related genes including insulin. PDX-1 has potency to induce insulin-producing cells in non β-cells in various tissues such as pancreas and liver and PDX-1-VP16 fusion protein more efficiently induces insulin-producing cells, especially in the presence of … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2005 · 7,391 accessesView PDFCite