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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractRecognition of Hand Printed Characters Based on Simple Geometric FeaturesSami M. Halawani, Ibrahim A. AlbidewiProblem statement: The use of computers in information processing technology nowadays is one of the main trends of office automation. For more than four decades, information from the outside world is transferred into computers in a traditional way by keying in these raw data with the help of keyboard. Most of these data are in hand printed form and very … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 6, Issue 12 · 30 Nov 2010 · 7,128 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEstablishment, Verification and Application of a Correlation to Predict the Maximum Heat Flux of a Horizontal Closed-Loop Pulsating Heat PipeNiti Kammuang-Lue, Teerasak Hudakorn, Pradit TerdtoonProblem statement: In heat pipe design, it was very important to be sure that the desired heat pipe would not operate in the MHF state. In the case of a vertical CLPHP, the MHF state and maximum heat flux could be predicted by using the correlation, while, in the case of a horizontal CLPHP, there had been no study presented … …Energy Research Journal, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 31 Oct 2010 · 7,422 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPublic Perception and the Future of the Illinois Dairy IndustryC. Matthew Rendleman, Phillip R. Eberle, William C. Peterson et al.Problem statement: Illinois dairy production is shrinking both absolutely and relative to other states. If historic trends continue growth will come from larger, more technologically and economically efficient dairy operations. Several expansions that could have slowed the decline have been thwarted by community opposition. This paradox, the need for change versus resistance to growth in dairy farming, motivated the study … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2010 · 7,417 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractTrading Volume and Stock Indices: A Test of Technical AnalysisPaul AbbondanteProblem statement: Technical analysis and its emphasis on trading volume has been used to analyze movements in individual stock prices and make investment recommendations to either buy or sell that stock. Little attention has been paid to investigating the relationship between trading volume and various stock indices. Approach: Since stock indices track overall stock market movements, trends in trading volume … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 2, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2010 · 8,224 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSeller Concentration in the Grain Milling IndustryMartin Charumbira, Tafirenyika SundeProblem statement: The main purpose of the study was to explore the levels of concentration in Zimbabwe’s grain-milling industry during period 1985-2005. The study could not be extended to periods after 2005 because the situation in the country had become economically chaotic. Approach: The methodology adopted involved the calculation of the concentration indices such as the Herfindall-Hirschman index, Hannah and … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 2, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2010 · 7,502 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDNA Polymorphism of Bovine Pituitary-Specific Transcription Factor and Leptin Gene Between Iranian Bos indicus and Bos taurus CattleArash Javanmard, Nader Asadzadeh, Fatollah SarhadiProblem statement: Variations at DNA level contribute to the genetic characterization of livestock populations and this may help to identify possible hybridization events as well as past evolutionary trends. Approach: The leptin and Pit-1 are attractive candidate genes for production and reproduction traits in cattle. A total of 247 Animals from four breeds from two species of Iranian cattle populations … …American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2010 · 8,024 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractComplexity in Human Perception of Brightness: A Historical Review on the Evolution of the Philosophy of Visual PerceptionKuntal Ghosh, Kamales BhaumikProblem statement: The “eye-brain” complex, which contributes maximally to visual perception, is no doubt a very interesting object for complexity study. In this review we shall try to present some of its aspects in perceiving brightness. It is a well-known fact that the perceived brightness of any surface depends on the brightness of the surfaces that surround it, a phenomenon … …OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 10, Issue 1 · 30 Jun 2010 · 8,680 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSupercritical Ethanol Liquefaction of Swine Manure for Bio-Oils ProductionShuangning Xiu, Abolghasem Shahbazi, Lijun Wang, Carlington W. WallaceProblem statement: Environmental problems associated with animal waste are the most critical challenges faced by the US intensive confinement livestock industries. There is an import and urgent need to develop an efficient way to reduce the pollution of animal waste while extracting valuable energy. Supercritical liquefaction processing of swine manure into a liquid fuel was considered as a cost-effective approach … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2010 · 8,245 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractMinimum and Complete Fluidization Velocity for Sand-Palm Shell Mixtures, Part I: Fluidization Behavior and Characteristic VelocitiesV. S. Chok, A. Gorin, H. B. ChuaProblem statement: Palm shell on its original state cannot be fluidized solely. However, mixing palm shell with a second fluidizable material can facilitate proper fluidization. Approach: The minimum and complete fluidization velocity (Umf and Ucf) for sand/palm shell binary mixtures had been studied in a partitioned reactor known as Compartmented Fluidized Bed Gasifier (CFBG). The pilot scale reactor ID is … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 6 · 30 Jun 2010 · 7,214 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractTrade and Precaution: Their Progressive InterlaceIsh Puneet SinghProblem statement: The principle of precaution has developed in International Law, as it has been present in either explicit or implicit forms in most of the celebrated international treaties dealing with the protection of the environment, over the past two decades. In spite of the huge recognition that this principle has got through incorporation, in the international order, this principle … …American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Vol. 1, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2009 · 7,945 accessesView PDFCite