34 articles for “surface roughness”

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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDiamond Pressing on the Wear Resistance and the State of Heat Treated Alloy Steel SurfacesUbeidulla Al-QawabehaIn manufacturing processes, surfaces and their properties are as important as the bulk properties of the materials. Surface treatment is an important aspect of all manufacturing processes. It has been used to impart certain physical and mechanical properties, such as appearance, corrosion, friction, wear and fatigue resistance. Widely used methods of finishing treatment that create necessary parts with the given … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 3 · 31 Mar 2007 · 7,099 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Characterization of Al Bond Pad Surface Treatment in Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold (ENIG) DepositionM.K. Md Arshad, A. Jalar, I. Ahmad, G. OmarThis study reports a number of experiments that were designed to characterize aluminum bond pad surfaces prior to electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG). In the ENIG process, aluminum bond pads need special treatment to achieve successful nickel deposition and provide reliable interconnection of under bump metallurgy in advanced packaging. During this treatment process, the aluminum pad was cleaned, activated and … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 3 · 31 Mar 2007 · 7,722 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractWind Speed Simulation Using WaveletsA. H. Siddiqi, S. Khan, S. RehmanMost of the renewable energy sources have direct or indirect link with the sun. Wind is also a form of solar energy. It is initiated by uneven heating of the atmospheric air by the sun, affected from the topography and surface roughness of the earth's surface and rotation of the earth. The earth's terrain, water surfaces and vegetation cover modifies … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 28 Feb 2005 · 7,546 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessAll words, across the recordFinite Element Analysis of Plasticity- Induced Fatigue Crack Closure with Singular ElementR. Rahgozar, H. Saffari, R. TabatabaeiDeveloping a new method is presented to compute crack opening values in planar geometries using the crack surface nodal force distribution under minimum loading as determined from finite element analyses (FEM). In this technique, two-dimensional elastic-perfectly plastic finite element analyses of middle-crack tension (MT) geometry is conducted to study fatigue crack closure and to calculate the crack opening values under … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 6 · 30 Jun 2007 · 6,850 accessesView PDF Cite