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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAluminum Powder and Zwitrionic Surfactants as Drag Reducing Agents in Pipe LinesHayder A. Abdul Bari, Rosli Bin Mohd Yunus, Tania Suhail HadiProblem statement: One of the most power consuming sector in the industry is the liquid transportation through pipelines due to the turbulent mode the liquids are transported with. Drag reducing agents were used as a solution for the pumping power losses in pipelines. One of the inportant drag reducing agents suggested to improve the flow in pipelines are the suspended … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 10 · 31 Oct 2010 · 7,295 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractHealth Impacts Estimation of Mineralogical and Chemical Characterization of Suspended Atmospheric Particles over the East DesertU. Ali Rahoma, Elsayed EmaraProblem statement: The small size fraction of aerosols, measured as PM10 and PM2.5, rather than the larger particles, is considered to be responsible for most of the health effects. Such particles have a relatively long residence time in the atmosphere and can therefore travel over long distances. Hence, a large portion of ambient concentrations of PM10 and in particular of … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 6, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2010 · 10,772 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractBioethanol Production from Rice StrawNutawan Yoswathana, Phattayawadee Phuriphipat, Pattranit Treyawutthiwat, Mohammad Naghi EshtiaghiProblem statement: Rice straw has been treated with different chemical (acid, alkali) and physical (subcritical water, ultrasound) methods to convert lignocellulose material to sugar. In addition enzyme treatment of pretreated samples has been applied to improve the conversion of lignocellulose material in sugar. Approach: Sulfuric acid at concentration of 1-9% was applied for acid treatment. For alkali treatment was sodium … …Energy Research Journal, Vol. 1, Issue 1 · 30 Jun 2010 · 18,056 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEffect of Size of Heated Obstruction within Room on Three Dimensional Air Flow CharacteristicsAbduljabbar Muttair Ahmed, Mukhtar Ahmad, Abdur RahimProblem statement: This study reported a numerical investigation of three-dimensional turbulent buoyant recirculating flow within a room with heated obstruction. Approach: The study involved the solution of partial differential equations for the conservation of mass, momentum, energy, concentration, turbulent energy and its dissipation rate. These equations were solved together with algebraic expressions for the turbulent viscosity and the heat diffusivity, … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2010 · 6,934 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractLead and Cadmium Availability and Uptake by Rice Plant in Response to Different Biosolids and Inorganic FertilizersSeyed Majid Mousavi, Mohammad Ali Bahmanyar, Hemmatollah PirdashtiProblem Statement: Contents of heavy metals in soil are very important because soil is the first link in the food chain. Approach: But, pay attention to importance the subject, we performed this project to investigate the lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) availability and uptake by rice plant in response to different biosolids Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), Vermicompost (VC) and inorganic … …American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2010 · 8,337 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCo-Digestion of Palm Oil Mill Effluent and Refined Glycerin Wash Water for Chemical Oxygen Demand Removal and Methane ProductionA. Sulaiman, M. R. Zakaria, M. A. Hassan et al.Problem statement: Refined Glycerin Wash Water (RGWW) from the oleochemical industry contains high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and requires proper treatment before disposal. Unfortunately the wash water also contains high concentration of sodium chloride (NaCl) that could cause inhibition to the normal biological treatment process. However, there is feasibility of co-digesting the RGWW and Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) for … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 5 · 31 Oct 2009 · 7,936 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractFull Scale Tests of Short-Term Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash Weathering Before Landfill DisposalFranco Marchese, Giuseppe GenonProblem statement: Natural weathering is the most economic method of treatment in order to reduce the release of heavy metals present in the residue. Approach: The aim of the study was to optimize the minimum weathering times that were useful to reduce the lead release to within the Italian limits for landfill disposal. The mechanism of short-term weathering of MSWI … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 4 · 31 Aug 2009 · 7,153 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOptimizing of Trichoderma viride Cultivation in Submerged State FermentationHayyan Ismaeil Al-Taweil, Mohammad Bin Osman, Aidil Abdul Hamid, Wan Mohtar Wan YussofProblems statement: A study in Malaysia had shown a strain of Trichoderma viride was isolated from the soil. Questions were raised whether Trichoderma viride submerged state fermentation affected by parameters and which of them is effective? Approach: To investigate the effects of the submerged state fermentation parameters; concentrations of carbon g L-1; (10, 45 and 80), glucose, nitrogen g L-1; … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 7 · 31 Jul 2009 · 10,076 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAerobic Biodegradation of Per-Treated Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether By Ozonation in an Up-Flow-Fixed-Bed ReactorM. Sadeghi, M. Arbabi, A. Nikpey, G. MardaniProblem Statement: MTBE is a common pollution of environmental and has become an issue of considerable concern in recent years. It is not readily amenable to remove MTBE by conventional techniques in water treatment. In the present study, the feasibility of the continuous aerobic biodegradation of MTBE, was evaluated in an Up- Flow Fixed Bed Reactor (UFBR). Approach: The UFBR … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 3 · 30 Jun 2009 · 6,620 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCharacterization of the Adsorption of the Lead (II) by the Nonliving Biomass Spirogyra neglecta (Hasall) KutzingModher A. Hussain, Aishah Salleh, Pozi MilowProblem statement: Conventional techniques for removing dissolved heavy metals are only practical and cost-effective when applied to high strength wastes with heavy metal ion concentrations greater than 100 ppm. The possibility of using a nonliving algal biomass to solve this problem was carried in this study. Lead (II) was used in this study because it had been reported to cause … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 5, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2009 · 7,802 accessesView PDFCite