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79 articles for “HIV infection”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractNevirapine Hepatotoxicity: Implications of Risk FactorsElias Adikwu, Oputiri Deo, Oru-Bo Precious Geoffrey, D. Akuegbe EnimeyaHighly active antiretroviral therapy is used in the management of HIV/AIDS; it has contributed tremendously in the reduction of mortality and morbidity rate in HIV patients. Despite the outstanding achievement with the use of HAART its major limitation is toxicity. Among these toxicities is hepatotoxicity which is said to be associated with nevirapine containing highly active antiretroviral therapy. Recent reports … …American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol. 8, Issue 2 · 3 Jun 2013 · 7,655 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCryptococcal Meningitis in Immunocompetent Patient-Case ReportYanes Brum Bello, Hanna Guapyassu Machado, Juliana Freitas Silveira et al.Cryptococcal Meningitis (CM) is a rare infection in immunocompetent patients. A kind of central nervous system infection caused by encapsulated yeast-like fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. A 59-year-old man presented to the Neurology Department of Nova Iguacu General Hospital, complaining has felt &#34muddled&#34 recently and feeling diaphragmatic spasm without any apparent cause. In addition, at neurological examination, the patient was slightly confused … …Current Research in Medicine, Vol. 4, Issue 1 · 2 May 2013 · 8,003 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCo-Inhibitory Molecule Programmed Death-1 and its Ligands: A New Alternative Therapy for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection?A. Leon-Flores, P. Del Rio, G. Reyes-TeranChronic viral infections are characterized by the up-regulation of a set of immunomodulatory receptors. The over-expression of co-inhibitory molecules on T cells leads to a dysfunctional T cell response with an "exhausted" phenotype. Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) is a molecule that exerts an inhibitory signal on the T cell receptor when it binds to the PD-L1 or PD-L2 ligands present on … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 8, Issue 4 · 28 Dec 2012 · 6,965 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractInnate, Adaptive and Intrinsic Immunity in Human Immunodeficiency Virus InfectionSuneth S. Perera, Nitin K. SaksenaThe first line of defence of the innate immune system functions by recognizing highly conserved sets of molecular structures specific to the microbes, termed pathogen-associated molecular patterns, or PAMPs via the germ line-encoded receptors Pattern-Recognition Receptors (PRRs). In addition to the innate immune system, the vertebrates have also evolved a second line of defence termed adaptive immune system, which uses … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 8, Issue 3 · 27 Nov 2012 · 9,727 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractMonocytes and their Role in Human Immunodeficiency Virus PathogenesisTara Sassé, Jingqin Wu, Li Zhou, Nitin K. SaksenaMonocytes play several significant immunological roles during HIV infection. The phenotypic pliability and the cellular differentiation ability monocytes possess are crucial to the ways they combat infections and control inflammatory processes. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive snapshot of the importance of monocytes in HIV-1 infection and pathogenesis. Moreover, this review also provides newly emerging data … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 8, Issue 2 · 31 Jul 2012 · 8,021 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractMicrobial Translocation and B Cell Dysfunction in Human Immunodeficiency Virus DiseaseWei JiangThe gut mucosal barrier disrupted in HIV disease, resulting in increased systemic exposure to microbial products such as Lipo Polys Accharide (LPS). The association of enhanced microbial translocation and B cell dysfunction in HIV disease is not fully understood. High dose and short term exposure of microbial Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) agonists were used as vaccine adjuvants, however, low dose and … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 8, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2012 · 7,413 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractNutritional Status and Quality of Life of Women with HIV/AIDSAnanya Bhowmik, Padmini Ghugre, Shobha Udipi, Subhasish Kamal GuhaProblem statement: HIV infection is a multisystem disorder which causes chronic infections that lead to profound immune- suppression. Women have always been a vulnerable section of the society. They are doubly vulnerable due to the HIV and malnutrition vicious cycle, which may affect their Quality Of Life (QOL). There are different literature reviews which suggest under-nutrition, wasting due to HIV … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 8, Issue 1 · 22 Feb 2012 · 8,288 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA 28 Years Old Woman with Severe Headache and Few Episodes of Vomiting: A Case ReportAhmad Reza Nakhayi, Tasnim Eghbal Eftekhaari, Hossein Montazerghaem et al.Problem statement: Cryptococcosis neoformans is commonest central nervous system infection in individuals infected with HIV. Most of the patients infected with Cryptococcus neoformans present with headache and visual changes. Approach: A 28 year old woman presented to Emergency Department (ED) with a chief complaint of headache, fever and vomiting and developed seizures during the first hour of admission. Firstly, diagnosed … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 6, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2010 · 8,159 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractComparative Docking Analysis on Natural Compounds Versus a Synthetic Drug as a Therapeutic for Acquired Immuno Deficiency SyndromeSandhya R. Nair, R. Subhashini, B. ThiagarajanProblem statement: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is one of the worst pandemics affecting and spreading quickly all over the world with a high mortality rate. AIDS has been able to kill so many people due to the unique property of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) virus. It attacks the immune system of the victim there by not allowing the immune … …Current Research in Medicine, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 31 Oct 2010 · 7,325 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractTo Seek the Hidden MonsterK. K. Rahul, S. AmbujamProblem statement: The asymptomatic stage of HIV infection is dealt with in detail in all Dermatology books. Patients in this stage present with skin lesions that occur even in the immunocompetent. However when these lesions recur, are atypical, aggressive or unresponsive to treatment, it is worthwhile to go back into the history to ascertain if there is a history of … …Current Research in Medicine, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 31 Oct 2010 · 6,932 accessesView PDFCite