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70 articles for “Free Energy”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractGaseous Emissions and Combustion Efficiency Analysis of Hydrogen-Diesel Dual Fuel Engine under Fuel-Lean ConditionPrateep Chaisermtawan, Sompop Jarungthammachote, Sathaporn Chuepeng, Thanya KiatiwatExhaust gas emissions from diesel engine combustion using alternative fuel may change in their quantities that can affect exhaust gas after-treatment devices and environmental ambient. This study presents theoretical analysis of combustion generated emissions and efficiency of hydrogen-diesel duel fuel in fuel-lean condition. A chemical equilibrium method by minimizing Gibbs free energy is employed to estimate exhaust gas products from … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 11 · 1 Sep 2012 · 7,509 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractIsing Model for Conductive Percolation in Electrically Conductive Adhesives by Considering Random Arrangement of Conducting ParticlesMora, Sahrul Saehana, Euis Sustini et al.Problem statement: Thermodynamically, particles in composites will arrange in a way such that the Helmholtz free energy is minimized. However, even a single structure has the lowest free energy, it should not ignore the probability of other structures having larger energies to occur, although at small chances. Approach: All possible arrangements of particles in the composites, therefore, must be taken … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 7 · 30 May 2012 · 7,243 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractArtificial Bee Colony based Energy Aware and Energy Efficient Routing ProtocolP. Visu, S. Koteeswaran, J. JanetProblem statement: Network becomes very important technology in the day to day life style of modern computer era, in which the wireless communication become very popular for the last few years. In the same manner, the other wireless network, i.e., ado network is very popular among the researchers in the past few decades. Approach: The Ad hoc networks are defined … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 8, Issue 2 · 19 Jan 2012 · 7,095 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractZero Geometry, Zero Space Time, The Seeds of The Final TheoryKambiz-AfrasiabiProblem statement: Lack of understanding And scientific formulation of zero geometry and zero space-time and the truth about initiation conditions would continue to keep us all in dark and we would continue to create more theories defining our observations about the known universe which could Indeed be part of our illusionary perception of reality And as long as they continue … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 11 · 10 Oct 2011 · 7,846 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEntropyomics as the Blueprint of the Logic of Normal Cell Division and MalignancyKambiz AfrasiabiProblem statement: In this article I propose a blueprint based on one of the most fundamental laws governing the known universe, namely the second law of thermodynamics and I present support for its central role in initiation of mitosis and relationship of the other sub cellular compartments and their organization. Approach: Life is considered to be the most sophisticated antientropy … …OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 11, Issue 1 · 6 Jul 2011 · 10,377 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCombined Partial Oxidation and Carbon Dioxide Reforming Process: A Thermodynamic StudySompop JarungthammachoteProblem statement: CO2 reforming is one of the methods to utilize a greenhouse gas to produce syngas, an important feed for methanol and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. However, CO2 reforming is strong endothermic reaction requiring large amount of supplied energy. Partial oxidation, an exothermic reaction, is combined with CO2 reforming to serve the energy requirement. Thus, the optimum ranges of O2 and … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 1 · 31 Jan 2011 · 7,527 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDevelopment of an Ultra-Miniaturized Inertial Measurement Unit for Jaw Movement Analysis during Free ChewingZhuohua Lin, Massimiliano Zecca, Salvatore Sessa et al.Problem statement: Jaw movement analysis, as a clinical aid, can provide an objective basis for understanding and diagnosing jaw musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, the use and development of devices for quantitatively measuring and analyzing jaw movement have become more common and popular in the clinic. Many types of jaw tracking devices have been developed, but most of them are still not … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 6, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2010 · 8,155 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractLink Stability and Node Energy Conscious Local Route-Repair Scheme for Mobile Ad Hoc NetworksAnuradha Banerjee, Paramartha DuttaProblem statement: A mobile ad hoc network is a self-configuring network of mobile nodes connected by wireless links. As the nodes are free to move randomly, topology of the network may change rapidly and unpredictably. As a result, intermediate nodes in the communication routes tend to lose connection with each other during the communication process. In order to repair a … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2010 · 6,856 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractMethanol-Based Transesterification Optimization of Waste Used Cooking Oil over Potassium Hydroxide CatalystCholada Komintarachat, Sathaporn ChuepengProblem statement: Waste used Cooking Oil (WCO) harmfully affected to environment and human’s health can be a feedstock for producing biodiesel. Approach: The conversion of Fatty Acid and Free Fatty Acid (FFA) of WCO with 15.0% w/w FFA content to biodiesel was studied through transesterification reactions. This work investigated the effects of alcohol and catalyst quantity, reaction time and temperature … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2010 · 9,739 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractQuantum Mechanical Calculation of the Optical Absorption of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles by Density Functional TheoryElham Gharibshahi, Elias SaionProblem statement: Metal nanoparticles confine the motion of conduction electrons and exhibit a strong optical absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the UV-vis-NIR region. The absorption is classically derived from the collective oscillations of free electrons in a metallic nanostructure as a consequence of incident electromagnetic radiation polarizing the particle optically embedded in a dielectric matrix. These oscillations, known as the … …Physics International, Vol. 1, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2010 · 16,181 accessesView PDFCite