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Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleChanges in the Rumen Papillae During the Periparturient Transition in Holstein Dairy Cows are Accompanied by Changes in Abundance of Proteins Involved in Intracellular pH Regulation, But not SCFA TransportAnne Hermen Laarman, Adam Kleinberg, Michael Alexander Steele et al.The objective of this study was to examine changes in SCFA transport capacity in the rumen epithelium during the parturition transition period. Twelve pregnant, cannulated primiparous and multiparous cows were fed a standard Total Mixed Ration (TMR) for the duration of the dry period; after calving, all cows were switched to an early lactation TMR. Rumen pH, fluid and biopsies … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 10, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2015 · 7,554 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleTRANSCRIPTOMIC CHANGES IN RUMINAL TISSUE INDUCED BY THE PERIPARTURIENT TRANSITION IN DAIRY COWSLouis Dionissopoulos, Ousama AlZahal, Michael Alexander Steele et al.To understand how the capacity for fat metabolism (uptake, synthesis, modification) changes in rumen epithelia immediately before and after onset of lactation in dairy cows, rumen fluid Short Chain Fatty Acid (SCFA) concentrations and mRNA expression profiles of rumen epithelia was determined in twelve Holstein dairy cows at three weeks prior to calving (wk -3, n = 12), one week … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 1 · 13 Jan 2014 · 7,505 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleButyrate Supplementation Affects Mrna Abundance of Genes Involved in Glycolysis, Oxidative Phosphorylation and Lipogenesis in the Rumen Epithelium of Holstein Dairy CowsAnne Hermen Laarman, Louis Dionissopoulos, Ousama AlZahal et al.Energy availability in epithelial cells is a crucial link for maintaining epithelial barrier integrity; energy depletion is linked to impaired barrier function in several epithelia. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of exogenous butyrate on mRNA abundance of genes indirectly involved in rumen epithelial barrier integrity. Sixteen mid-lactation Holstein cows fed a total mixed ration received a concentrate mix … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 4 · 27 Nov 2013 · 7,525 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleButyrate and Subacute Ruminal Acidosis Affect Abundance of Membrane Proteins Involved with Proton and Short Chain Fatty Acid Transport in the Rumen Epithelium of Dairy CowsAnne Hermen Laarman, Louis Dionissopoulos, Ousama AlZahal et al.The objective of this study was to elucidate the effects of butyrate on the Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) membrane transport proteins and proton membrane transport proteins in the rumen epithelium. Sixteen mid-lactation cows were fed a 44% Non-Fibre Carbohydrate (NFC) diet and divided into a control treatment and a butyrate treatment. For 7 days, the cows on the control … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 4 · 27 Nov 2013 · 7,480 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titlePathomorphological Findings of White Line Disease with Digital and Inner Organ Infections in Culling Dairy CowsMohsen Nouri, Iradj Nowrouzian, Seyyed Hossein Marjanmehr et al.The aim of this study was to investigate pathomorphological findings of white line disease in culling lame cows, with special reference to the lesions and their distribution. The most prominent pathomorphologic findings of the claw with white line disease included extensor process entheseophyte (75.0%), flexor tuberisity entheseophyte (37.5%) and abaxial margin bone absorption (68.7%). Six out of the total of … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 3 · 30 Aug 2013 · 7,260 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleButyrate-Mediated Genomic Changes Involved in Non-Specific Host Defenses, Matrix Remodeling and the Immune Response in the Rumen Epithelium of Cows Afflicted with Subacute Ruminal AcidosisLouis Dionissopoulos, Anne Hermen Laarman, Ousama AlZahal et al.Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA) is a disorder in cattle which can lead to chronic inflammation in the rumen epithelium, known as rumenitis. Butyrate has been shown to attenuate some of the detrimental effects of inflammatory gastroenteral disorders but the molecular mechanisms mediated by butyrate have not been defined. The objective of this study was to define the inflammatory-related genomic changes … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 1 · 10 Jan 2013 · 8,065 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleThe Effect of Rumen Acid Load on Postpartum Performance and Blood Metabolic Responses in Transition Holstein CowsSadjad Danesh Mesgaran, Alireza Vakili, Alireza Heravi Moosavi, Ghasem KoolabadiProblem statement: The transition period is the most stressful time in the production cycle of a dairy cow because of depressed feed intake, endocrine and metabolic changes at parturition. The aim was to determine the effect of rumen acid load on postpartum performance and metabolic parameters in transition Holstein cows. Approach: The Acidogenicity Values (AV) of the diets were determined … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 1 · 25 May 2011 · 7,444 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleEffect of Intramammary Injection of Nigella Sativa on Somatic Cell Count and Staphylococcus Aureus Count in Holstein Cows with S. aureus Subclinical MastitisHamideh Ghodrati Azadi, Nima Farzaneh, Zahra Baghestani et al.Problem statement: The seeds of Nigella sativa Linn. (Ranunculaceae) known as black seed or black cumin, are used in herbal medicine all over the world for the treatment and prevention of a number of diseases and conditions that include asthma, diarrhea and dyslipidaemia. Approach: In this study the effect of intramammary injection of Nigella Sativa Extract (NSE) in paraffin on … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 1 · 26 Apr 2011 · 8,300 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleEffects of Rumen-Protected Methionine on Dairy Performance and Amino Acid Metabolism in Lactating CowsW.R. Yang, H. Sun, Q.Y. Wang et al.Problem statement: Free Met as one of the most limiting AA in dairy cows would be mostly degraded in the rumen. This study was to determine the effect of different levels of Rumen-Protected Met (RPMet) on dairy performance and serum amino acid metabolism. Approach: Thirty-six Holstein cows in similar condition were randomly assigned to six experimental treatments with six replicates … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 1 · 31 Jan 2010 · 8,269 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titlePrevalence and Distribution of Mastitis Pathogens and their Resistance against Antimicrobial Agents in Dairy Cows in JordanAzmi D. Hawari, Fawzi Al-DabbasThe primary objective of this study was to determine the aetiology of bovine mastitis in ten herds of Holstein Friesian cow in Jordan, the prevalence of mastitis pathogens in dairy cows and their resistance to selected antimicrobial agents. Milk samples were collected from 220 lactating cows to determine the clinical and subclinical mastitis by white side test and confirmed by … …American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2008 · 7,681 accessesView PDFCite