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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEmission of Nitrogen Dioxide from Butane Gas Heaters and Stoves IndoorsMarwan Ghosn, Roula Flouty, Najat A. SalibaLevels of indoor nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in a home equipped with butane gas stove and heaters are reported between the months of February and July 2003. Diffusion passive sampling was used for the simultaneous measurements of indoor and outdoor NO2 concentrations. The overall average indoor NO2 concentrations were 15.6 and 22.3 μg m-3 for the living room and kitchen, respectively, … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 3 · 31 Mar 2005 · 9,471 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOn Fractional Hold Devices Versus Positive Realness of Discrete Transfer FunctionsM. de la Sen, A. Bilbao- GuillernaThe appropriate use of fractional order holds (β-FROH) of correcting gains βε[-1,1] as an alternative to the classical zero and first order -holds (ZOH, FOH) is discussed related to the positive realness of the associate discrete transfer functions obtained from a given continuous transfer function. It is proved that the minimum direct input-output gain (i.e. the quotient of the leading … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 3 · 31 Mar 2005 · 7,189 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Development of a New, Rapid, Amperometric Immunosensor for the Detection of Low Concentrations of Bacteria Part II: Optimization of the System for Escherichia coliEric Carnes, Ebtisam WilkinsThe optimization of a flow-through immunoassay system was conducted to achieve rapid detection of low concentrations of E. coli bacteria. The system includes a new immunosensor that uses newly developed, disposable immunofiltration membranes to yield a system that is sensitive as well as simple. Comparison of the performance of this system with conventional immunoassays demonstrated a significantly shorter time for … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 3 · 31 Mar 2005 · 6,780 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractED-XRF Analysis of Total Suspended Particulates from Enamelware Manufacturing IndustryJ. A. Sonibare, F. A. Akeredolu, O. Osibanjo, I. LatinwoConcentration and elemental composition of the total suspended particulates (TSP) emitted due to manufacturing activities of an enamelware industry in Lagos, Nigeria were investigated. Gravimetric method was used in mass concentration determination and an energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) analyzer was employed in the multi-elemental analysis. The Federal Ministry of Environment (FMENV, Nigeria's environment regulating body) set limit of 250 … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 28 Feb 2005 · 6,683 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractBy-pass Devices as Effective Means of Protection from the Hydraulic HammerKhalid S. Al-RababaSwitching-off the parallel working pump units causes sudden discharge changes in parallel pipe lines, as a result of that hydraulic shocks takes place. The damping of these shocks can be achieved by the installation of the by-pass devices between the parallel lines of the piping system. The analytical calculations demonstrate that the reduction in hydraulic shocks reaches 40% and considerable … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 28 Feb 2005 · 6,912 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEnergy and Carbon Flux Coupling: Multi-ecosystem Comparisons Using Artificial Neural NetworkAssefa M. Melesse, Rodney S. HanleyA multi-ecosystems carbon flux simulation from energy fluxes is presented. A new statistical learning technique based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) back propagation algorithm and multi-layer perceptron architecture was used in the CO2 simulation. Four input layers (net radiation, soil heat flux, sensible and latent heat flux) were used for training (calibration) and testing (verification) of model outputs. The 15-days … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 28 Feb 2005 · 7,347 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractConsidering Environmental Externalities in Technology Selection: the Case of Urban Buses for AthensDimitrios A. GeorgakellosThe present study proposes a procedure for considering the environmental externalities in technology selection decision-making, based on the outcome of Life Cycle Assessments. Currently, even if there are several methods available for technology selection and purchasing, almost all of them seem to ignore the external cost associated with the candidates. The main features of the proposed model are its simplicity … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 1 · 31 Jan 2005 · 7,002 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEvaluation of a New Device, Automated Shower head on Water Conservation in Bath ShowersM. Shamsi, G. H.S. BonjarIn cosmopolitan areas and big cities of the world, shortage of drinking water during the peaks of consumption hours is a noticeable problem. Many people may not have piped water during these critical hours especially in summer times. To minimize this problem, an electronic control valve was designed and developed which saved about 70% of water in each showering session … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2004 · 7,201 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCivil Liberties and Computer MonitoringKevin Curran, Steven McIntyre, Hugo Meenan et al.Civil Liberties-the term used for the fundamental liberties and rights of a country's citizen is the right of free speech, thought and action. This is the fundamental building block of a democratic society. This research essay outlines the current measures western governments are taking to ensure our safety and the associated costs of civil and human rights. …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2004 · 6,956 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Computable General Equilibrium Model of Southern Region in Taiwan: The Impact of the Tainan Science-Based Industrial ParkChun-Chu Liu, Chia-Yon ChenThe primary modeling tools used to analyze regional economic issues include econometric forecasting models, fixed price Input-Output (I-O) multi-sector models, Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) and Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models. CGE models combine the advantages of econometric, I-O models and SAM strengthening the theoretical basis of the modeling effort and thus enabling more precise policy analysis. The current CGE literature … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2004 · 7,210 accessesView PDFCite