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50 articles for “direct cost”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEstimating the Energy Indices and Profitability of Strawberry Production in Kamyaran Zone of IranPayman Salami, Hojat Ahmadi, Alireza KeyhaniProblem statement: The aim of this research is to determine the energy indices and to make a cost analysis of strawberry grown in open field in Kamyaran zone of Iran. Approach: The data used in the study were obtained from 35 local strawberry growers by using a face-to-face questionnaire in August-September 2009. Results: Total energy input for strawberry production was … …Energy Research Journal, Vol. 1, Issue 1 · 30 Jun 2010 · 7,917 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAn Heuristic Approach Toward Innovative Tire Re-Design Through Advanced TechnologiesRamundo Fulvio Enzo, Fedele LorenzoIn the field of mobility and road transport, tires are components of a vehicle that play a decisive role in active safety. Monitoring tire conditions can affect different areas: Transport safety, optimization of cycles and maintenance costs and environmental protection. In fact, the tire wear check, possibly through the evaluation of the Remainig Useful Life (RUL), allows to meet many … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 13, Issue 3 · 22 Aug 2020 · 7,465 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractWater Reuse in Industry: Necessities and PossibilitiesKaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari, Saeid EslamianTo begin with, lack of water, declining quality of it and environmental restrictions caused to increase requirements of reusing wastewaters extremely. By industrialization and reduction of pressure on water sources, using water in industry has adequate potential to reduce costs in saving water and treatment of wastewater. Wastewater can be recycled direct and indirect based on the type and quality. … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 14, Issue 1 · 23 Jan 2021 · 7,522 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Framework for a Multi-Layered Security of an Automated Programming Code Assessment ToolMohd Fadzli Marhusin, Muhammad Firdaus Zul Kafli, Rossilawati Sulaiman et al.In a learning environment, a low student-lecturer ratio is considered a practical solution by many educational institutions. However, the number of students in information technology is increasing every year. This could lead to a significant increase in the workload of lecturers, who need to evaluate assignments, quizzes and projects. Hence, it is desirable that an automated assessment tool is used … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 11, Issue 2 · 18 Sep 2014 · 6,635 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAN ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE AND POLICY IMPLICATION FOR SOCIAL ENTERPRISEYoon-Doo Kim, Seok Yoon, Heon-Goo KimThis study looked at the current status of Korean social enterprises and their problems and suggested governmental policy implications for enhancing the competitiveness of social enterprises. As the study methods, the current status of social enterprises was analyzed and performance of social enterprise support was examined and then policy implications for promoting the social enterprises were analyzed. First, the direction … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 11, Issue 3 · 7 Jan 2014 · 7,409 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEnergy Constrained Secure Hierarchical Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor NetworksV. Bhoopathy, R. M.S. ParvathiProblem statement: Wireless sensor networks, brings out variety of different challenges at energy level, integrity, authentication, communication cost. Approach: In the secure data aggregation techniques, reduction in the energy consumption was not elaborated in detail, since aggregator means of connection to sink was either direct or through other aggregators which need high energy level. Results: We suggest an Energy Constrained … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 6 · 16 Mar 2012 · 7,382 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPower Quality Analysis in 6 MW Wind Turbine Using Static Synchronous CompensatorR. Valarmathi, A. ChilambuchelvanProblem statement: An inherent problem with wind turbine power generation systems is the low power quality due to intermittent power generation in these systems. This not only affects the power generation but also the grid it is connected to. Approach: In this study a configuration consisting of a 6MW Wind Farm based on conventional Fixed Speed Induction Generator is analyzed. … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 1 · 23 Nov 2011 · 7,237 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractUse of Palm oil Biodiesel Blends as a Fuel for Compression Ignition EngineB. Deepanraj, C. Dhanesh, R. Senthil et al.Problem statement: The increasing awareness of the environmental hazards and the alarming levels of air pollution have led to more restrictive regulations on engines emission control in recent years. Approach: The dwindling resources and rising cost of crude oil had resulted in an intensified search for alternate fuels. In the present study biodiesel (palm oil methyl ester) blends with diesel … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 11 · 7 Oct 2011 · 8,222 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractFactors Influencing the Design of Electronic learning system in Agricultural ExtensionAmir Ahmadpour, Mehdi Mirdamadi, Jamal F. Hosseini, Mohamad ChizariProblem statement: Nowadays appropriate training and education are important. Still some organizations make the mistake of not training their employees adequately in the utilization of ICT or in the use of internet information systems, often due to the cost of providing training and the loss in productivity when employees are absent. But many organizations have adopted e-learning as a solution … …American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 2 · 25 Aug 2011 · 7,992 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAn Efficient Middleware for Storing and Querying XML Data in Relational Database Management SystemMohammed Adam Ibrahim Fakheraldien, Jasni Mohamad Zain, Norrozila SulaimanProblem statement: In this study, we propose a middleware that provides a transformation utility for storing and querying XML data in relational databases using model mapping method. Approach: To store XML documents in RDBMS, several mapping approaches can be used. We chose structure independent approach. In this middleware the model mapping method XParent and free of cost available technologies MYSQL, … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 7, Issue 2 · 26 Feb 2011 · 7,607 accessesView PDFCite