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336 articles for “Cost Model”

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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsImplementation Weather-Type Models of Capacitated Arc Routing Problem via HeuristicsZuhaimy Ismail, Mohammad Fadzli RamliProblem statement: In this study, we introduced a new and real-life condition of Capacitated Arc Routing Problem (CARP), a model that represents vehicle’s operation in waste collection. In general, we studied the element of rain drops that affected the collected waste weight in total by imposed a new variable namely rainy weight age. In rainy days, the household refusals did … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 4 · 18 Apr 2011 · 7,267 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsImproving the Accuracy of Effort Estimation through Fuzzy Set Representation of SizeCh. Satyananda Reddy, KVSVN RajuProblem statement: The precision and reliability of the effort estimation is very important for the competitiveness of software companies. The uncertainty at the input level of the Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO) yields uncertainty at the output, which leads to gross estimation error in the effort estimation. Fuzzy logic-based cost estimation models are more appropriate when vague and imprecise information was … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 5, Issue 6 · 30 Jun 2009 · 7,085 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsUsing SWAT to Target Critical Source Sediment and Phosphorus Areas in the Wister Lake Basin, USAPhilip R. Busteed, Daniel E. Storm, Michael J. White, Scott H. StoodleyProblem statement: Wister Lake is located in the San Bois Mountains in southeastern Oklahoma, USA. The reservoir is primarily used as a water supply and flood storage to over 40,000 residents in the area. Due to high levels of phosphorus and sediment, Wister Lake is listed as a high priority basin for the State of Oklahoma. To help address these … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 2 · 30 Apr 2009 · 7,292 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsDesign, Validation, Simulation and Parametric Evaluation of a Novel Protocol for Locating Mobile Agents in Multiregion EnvironmentRama Sushil, Kumkum Garg, Rama BhargavaMobile agents are processes that can be dispatched from source computer and be transported to remote servers for execution, have been widely argued to be an important enabling technology for future systems. Location management is a necessity for locating mobile agents in a network of mobile agent hosts for controlling, monitoring and communication during processing and it still represents an … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 4, Issue 3 · 31 Mar 2008 · 6,936 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsPeriodic Review Probabilistic Multi-Item Inventory System with Zero Lead Time under Constraints and Varying Order CostHala A. FerganyThis study treats the probabilistic safety stock n-items inventory system having varying order cost and zero lead-time subject to two linear constraints. The expected total cost is composed of three components: the average purchase cost; the expected order cost and the expected holding cost. The policy variables in this model are the number of periods Nr* and the optimal maximum … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2005 · 7,631 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsProposed Reliability Techniques on Soil and Rock ExcavationsS. TangchawalProblem statement: Assessment of the ground mass excavation is normally done by the deterministic method. A quantitative indication of mass stability provides as an index term known "the Factor of Safety (F.S.)". There are uncertain to some degrees, such as only a single value of mass properties is used or variation in geologic conditions, computed values of F.S. are never … …Energy Research Journal, Vol. 2, Issue 1 · 26 Jan 2012 · 7,411 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsField Scale Modeling to Estimate Phosphorus and Sediment Load Reductions Using a Newly Developed Graphical User Interface for Soil and Water Assessment ToolAaron R. Mittelstet, Erin R. Daly, Daniel E. Storm et al.Streams throughout the North Canadian River watershed in northwest Oklahoma, USA have elevated levels of nutrients and sediment. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to identify areas that likely contributed disproportionate amounts of Phosphorus (P) and sediment to Lake Overholser, the receiving reservoir at the watershed outlet. These sites were then targeted by the Oklahoma Conservation Commission (OCC) … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 6 · 28 Dec 2012 · 6,470 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsConstrained Probabilistic Lost Sales Inventory System with Normal Distribution and Varying Order CostHala, A. Fergany, Mona, F. EL-WakeelThis study derives the probabilistic lost sales inventory system when the order cost is a function of the order quantity. Our objective is to minimize the expected annual total cost under a restriction on the expected annual holding cost when the lead-time demand follows the normal distribution by using the Lagrangian method. Then a published special case is deduced and … …Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, Vol. 2, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2006 · 7,195 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsCost-Effective Energy Refurbishment of Health Care Facilities in Heating Dominated Climates of Italian Backcountry. The Case Study of the Hospital Veneziale of IserniaRosa Francesca De Masi, Fabrizio Ascione, Gennaro Sosto, Giuseppe Peter VanoliMaximizing energy efficiency within hospitals and healthcare facilities is a major challenge for sustainable development and energy saving objectives. In this study, the case study of the public hospital of Isernia (Italian backcountry city) is proposed, being typical of the hospital building stock developed in reinforced concrete all around Italy in the last 40 years. Starting from deep on-site investigations, … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 10, Issue 3 · 25 Sep 2017 · 8,352 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the keywordsMultivariate Modelling of the Canary Islands Banana Output. The Role of Farmer Income ExpectationConcepción González Concepción, María Candelaria Gil-Fariña, Celina Pestano-GabinoThe EU is the world‘s largest importer of bananas and the only major managed market in the international banana trade. Spain is the main banana producer within the European Union (EU), followed by France and Portugal. In all these countries the fruit is grown in overseas islands situated in tropical or sub-tropical areas and bananas are a pillar of the … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2008 · 7,766 accessesView PDFCite