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31 results for “Cell signaling”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractProduction and Roles of Glial Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1-Associated Dementia Neuroinflammation: A ReviewC. Chao, A. GhorpadeProblem statement: Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) and its cognate targets, the Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs), were differentially expressed in human brain samples with or without HIV-1 infection or HIV-1 Encephalitis (HIVE). Approach: A through literature review demonstrated that cell culture models of Central Nervous System (CNS) cell types had been used to illustrate the intricate temporal patterns of TIMP-1/MMP expression, … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 5, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2009 · 6,957 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Flavonoid, Quercetin, Inhibits HIV-1 Infection in Normal Peripheral Blood Mononuclear CellsMadhavan P.N. Nair, Zainulabedin M. Saiyed, Nimisha H. Gandhi, C. N. RamchandProblem statement: Flavonoids and related polyphenols, have been known to possess cardioprotective, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and anti-viral activities. Previous studies have shown that flavonoid, quercetin significantly downregulates expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in cultured cells via modulation of NFκB and p38MAPK signaling pathways. In the current study, we hypothesize that quercetin exerts anti-HIV activity by differential modulation of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokine … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 5, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2009 · 12,190 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractIntrinsically Unstructured Proteins: Potential Targets for Drug DiscoveryPathan Salma, Chintan Chhatbar, Sriram SeshadriProblem statement: The function of a protein is dependent on its three-dimensional structure. However, numerous proteins lacking intrinsic globular 3D structure under physiological conditions had been recognized. These proteins are frequently involved in some of the most critical cellular control mechanisms and it appears that their rapid turnover, aided by their unstructured nature in the unbound state, provides a level … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 5, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2009 · 7,579 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSignaling Pathways Involved In Dengue-2 Virus Infection Induced RANTES OverexpressionYing-Ray Lee, Huan-Yao Lei, Shun-Hua Chen et al.Dengue viruses participate in liver inflammation by inducting the expression of various chemokines including Regulated on Activation Normal T-cell Expressed and Secreted (RANTES). However, the underlying signaling remains unknown. Here, we reveal that Ras, Raf-1 and three mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk), and c-jun-NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) can be activated or phosphorylated in dengue-2 virus infected hepatocyte … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 4, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2008 · 7,176 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAT1-IR-beta Association: A New Mechanism for the Inhibition of Insulin Receptor Function in Breast CancerLakshmi Pulakat, Ravindra Kolhe, Nara GaviniEpidemiological evidence show that increased mortality in breast cancer is linked to hypertension and insulin resistance. Because Angiotensin II (Ang II), a hormone implicated in hypertension and insulin resistance, is a normal mitogen for breast tissue and elevated expression of the Ang II receptor AT1 is seen in breast cancer, we analyzed the effects of Ang II exposure on the … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 4, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2008 · 7,019 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractGene Technology in Tissue EngineeringXiao-Dan Sun, In-Seop LeeScaffold, cells and signaling factors are regarded as the three essential components in tissue engineering. With the development of molecular and cell biology, gene technology is beginning to show a promising position in tissue engineering as it can influence these essential components at DNA-level. By introducing plasmid DNA or genes encoding certain signaling factors (growth factors/cytokines) into the cells, required … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2006 · 6,405 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEarly Cellular Responses of Purine Nucleoside-mediated Protection of Hypoxia-induced Injuries of Neuronal PC12 CellsBettina Tomaselli, Valerie Podhraski, Günther Böck, Gabriele Baier-BitterlichHypoxia in brain may lead to cell death by apoptosis and necrosis. In parallel adenosine, a powerful endogenous neuroprotectant is formed. We wanted to investigate the effect of adenosine and its purine nucleoside relatives, inosine and guanosine on early cellular responses to hypoxia. O2-sensitive neuronal PC12-cells were subjected to chemical hypoxia induced with rotenone, an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I. … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2005 · 6,858 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEssential Role of PKCδ in Apoptosis Induction of Mouse ThymocytesC. Lutz-Nicoladoni, T. Letschka, M. Leitges et al.The family of protein kinases C (PKCs) has been implicated in signal transmission leading to apoptosis induction and/or survival. These effects are cell type and tissue dependent. Numerous studies employing phorbol ester, a pleiotropic PKC activator, strongly implicated PKC in apoptosis induction of thymocytes. However, phorbol esters activate both, the conventional PKCs (PKCα, β, γ) as well as the novel … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 1, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2005 · 7,137 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessAll words, across the recordTrilobatin Possesses Protective Potentials on H2O2-Induced HepG2 Cells by Suppressing Oxidative Stress: Involvement of Nrf2/Keap1 Signal PathwayYuhan Zhai, Yuqing Zhang, Yaping Li et al.Trilobatin, a natural dihydrochalcone compound, possesses various biological activities. However, few investigations have been carried out on the mechanisms of trilobatin against oxidative stress. To comprehend the effects and mechanism of trilobatin on oxidative stress after hepatic injury, H2O2-induced HepG2 cells were used in this research. The results indicated that trilobatin enhanced the viability and improved the apoptosis morphology of … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 19, Issue 4 · 22 Dec 2023 · 5,089 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessAll words, across the recordAnti-Metalloproteinase-9 Activities of Selected Indonesian Zingiberaceae Rhizome Extracts in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Human Vascular Endothelial Cells In VitroYantiProblem statement: Atherosclerosis is associated with chronic inflammation triggered by bacterial infection that activates the breakdown of extracellular matrix protein by matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs). Zingiberaceae, a group of tropical food crops grown in Indonesia and other Southeast Asia regions, has been traditionally used for food coloring, seasoning, culinary and medicinal purposes. However, its efficacy as natural vascular protection has not … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 7, Issue 1 · 27 May 2011 · 7,874 accessesView PDFCite