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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractγ-Aninobutyric acid (GABA) suppresses antigen-specific immune responses in ovalbumin γ(OVA)-immunized BALB/c miceTohru Sakai, Hiroko Okada, Mitsuo Kise et al.γ-Aminobutruic acid (GABA) is known to be a ubiquitous inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that GABA modulates cardiovascular and respiratory functions. In this study, we examined the effect of GABA on antigen (Ag)-specific immune responses and elucidated the mechanisms underlying those effects in ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized BALB/c mice. OVA-specific proliferative responses were decreased in … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2005 · 6,501 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractRole of Plasmid in Production of Acetobacter Xylinum BiofilmsAbbas Rezaee, Sanaz Solimani, Mehdi ForozandemogadamAcetobacter xylinum has the ability to produce cellulotic biofilms. Bacterial cellulose is expected to be used in many industrial or biomedical materials for its unique characteristics. A. xylinum contains a complex system of plasmid DNA molecules. A 44 kilobases (kb) plasmid was isolated in wild type of A. xylinum. To improve the cellulose producing ability of A. xylinum, role of … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2005 · 7,498 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAntibiogram-Derived Radial Decision Trees: An Innovative Approach to Susceptibility Data DisplayRocco J. Perla, Paul P. BelliveauHospital antibiograms (ABGMs) are often presented in the form of large 2-factor (single organism vs. single antimicrobial) tables. Presenting susceptibility data in this fashion, although of value, does have limitations relative to drug resistant subpopulations. As the crisis of antimicrobial drug-resistance continues to escalate globally, clinicians need (1) to have access to susceptibility data that, for isolates resistant to first-line … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2005 · 6,502 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractIncreased Production of Nitric Oxide Contributes to Renal Oxidative Stress in Endotoxemic RatBahar Tunçtan, Belma Korkmaz, Hatice Yıldırım et al.Overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species leads to oxidative stress and decreased total antioxidant capacity, which is responsible for high mortality from several diseases such as endotoxic shock. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) during endotoxemia is the major cause of vascular hyporeactivity, hypotension and multiple organ failure. In this study, we investigated whether increased production … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2005 · 8,638 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractInduction of Caspase-dependant Apoptosis by Enterovirus 70 in Human Lens Epithelial SRA01/04 CellsDequan Chen, Chris Duggan, Donald E. Texada et al.Enterovirus 70 (EV70), an etiological agent of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC), induces apoptosis in human Chang’s conjunctival (HCC) cells. EV70 is also able to infect and replicate in some other human cells such as human lens epithelial SRA01/04 cells and U937 cells. EV70 infection was found to induce apoptosis in SRA01/04 cells. During EV70-induced apoptosis of SRA01/04 cells, the expression … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2005 · 6,636 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractHumoral Immune Response in Tuberculous PleuritisPrabha C., Kripa V. Jalapathy, Sulochana D. DasTuberculous pleuritis is a good human model to understand the local and protective immune response against tuberculosis, due to the self-limitedness of the disease. Although the cellular immune response has been well characterised in tuberculous pleurisy, much less is known about the humoral immune response operating at the site of infection. To understand the humoral immune response, B cells were … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2005 · 6,518 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractIs the LEADER Initiative a Real Contribution to Rural Development in Underdevelopment Areas in Europe?M. M. Perez-Fra, Rosa Verdugo-Mateshe LEADER Community Initiative is a public programme that adopt on a local initiative approach, targeting rural areas as their field of intervention. The aim of this study is to provide elements for discussion regarding the applicability of such strategies for rural areas, which lag far behind European levels and to gauge the true bearing they have on the diversification … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2005 · 7,429 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractHIV/AIDS Knowledge and Sexual Behavior Among Junior Secondary School Students in South AfricaKarl Peltzer, Supa PromtussananonThe aim of the study was to assess HIV/AIDS knowledge and sexual behaviour among jun-ior Secondary School students in South Africa using a cross-sectional survey design. The sample con-sisted of 3150 students, with 44.1% were male and 55.9% female students. Their mean age was 15.75 yrs (SD=1.61) ranging from 13 to 24 years chosen from 150 schools in South Africa. … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2005 · 7,770 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEvidences of Apoptosis in Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Hepatocytes and Peripheral Blood Monocuclear Cells in the Absence of Liver InjuryViviana Falcón, Nelson Acosta-Rivero, Mineko Shibayama et al.Understanding the mechanism of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) pathogenesis is an important part of HCV research. In this study, the presence of apoptosis in HCV-infected liver and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) from patients positive for anti-HCV antibodies and negative for serum HCV-RNA was investigated. The samples obtained from 21 patients were studied by in situ Hybridization (ISH), Immunofluorescence, TUNEL … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 1, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2005 · 6,975 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEvidences of Hepatitis C Virus Replication in Hepatocytes and Peripheral Blood Monocuclear Cells from Patients Negative for Viral RNA in SerumViviana Falcón, Nelson Acosta-Rivero, Mineko Shibayama et al.In this study, we examined the expression of hepatitis C virus (HCV) components in hepatocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients positive for anti-HCV antibodies and negative for serum HCV-RNA. The samples obtained from 25 randomly selected patients (13 of 25 patients showed no histological evidences of chronic hepatitis and had normal serum ALAT and GGTP levels) were … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 1, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2005 · 7,164 accessesView PDFCite