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329 results for “Spatial”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Preamble-Based Frequency Offset Compensation Scheme in Multiple Input Multiple Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing SystemsElnaz Ershadi, Hamidreza BakhshiProblem statement: Combining the properties of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems with those of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), MIMO-OFDM was considered to be a promising technique in the future of wireless communications. However, its sensitivity to frequency offsets which results in Inter-Carrier Interferences (ICIs) makes it necessary to use an exact frequency offset estimation method for data recovery … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 6, Issue 4 · 30 Apr 2010 · 7,574 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Importance of Maintaining a Proper Database on Forest Restoration Program for Orangutans in BorneoRaymond Alfred, Koh Pei Hue, Lee Shan Khee, Rayner AlfredProblem statement: The lowland forest of Sabah is the most important habitat for orangutans and pygmy elephants. This is shown in the WWF-Malaysia’s elephant tracking programme in which satellite-based Global Position System (GPS) collar devices are used to monitor their movement and the range of their habitats, as well as an aerial survey on orangutan’s nest is performed to determine … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 2 · 30 Apr 2010 · 7,915 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractMonitoring the Impact of Urban Physical Development Plans On Old Sites of CitiesAbolfazl Meshkini, Kyoumars Habibi, Hoshmand Alizade, Sina Razzaghi AslProblem statement: The interventional plans are one of the most influential policies which affected the socio-economic and physical fabric of the old parts of the Iranian cities. While the foundation of old areas of many cities are based on the socio-historical values which has unique compatibility with the cultural background, the new urban development plans notably comprehensive and detailed, have … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 1 · 28 Feb 2010 · 7,321 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractRobust of Doppler Centroid for Mapping Sea Surface Current by Using Radar Satellite DataMazlan Hashim, Maged MarghanyProblem statement: Sea surface current retrieving from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is required standard methods due to the complexity of sea surface ocean imaging in SAR data. In this context, various analytical models have been developed which describe overall effects of sea surface roughness on the Doppler signal mechanisms. Nevertheless, such models are limited in the complexity of the sea … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2009 · 7,421 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractLandscape Change and Sandy Desertification Monitoring and AssessmentEltahir Mohd Elhadi, Nagi Zomrawi, Hu GuangdaoProblem statement: The objective of this study is to develop techniques for assessing and analyzing sand desertification in the northern part of Shaanxi Province, China. Approach: In order to reveal the process of land degradation, especially the latest situation of sandy desertification, a method integrating remote sensing, Geographic Information System (GIS) and field survey was employed to build a sandy … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 5 · 31 Oct 2009 · 7,128 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEvaluation of Liquefaction Return Period for Bangalore Based on Standard Penetration Test Data: Performance Based ApproachK. S. Vipin, T. G. SitharamProblem statement: The conventional liquefaction evaluation is based on a deterministic approach. However in this method the uncertainty in the earthquake loading is not properly taken into account. However recent research in this field indicates that this uncertainty in the earthquake loading has to be considered in the liquefaction potential evaluation. Moreover the evaluation of liquefaction return period is not … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2009 · 7,744 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSeparable Watermarking Technique Using the Biological Color ModelDavid Nino, Moussa Abdallah, Bassam HammoProblem statement: The issue of having robust and fragile watermarking is still main focus for various researchers worldwide. Performance of a watermarking technique depends on how complex as well as how feasible to implement. These issues are tested using various kinds of attacks including geometry and transformation. Watermarking techniques in color images are more challenging than gray images in terms … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 5, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2009 · 6,616 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractIntegration of Electrical and Electromagnetic Investigation for Contaminated SiteAlberto Godio, Mario NaldiProblem statement: The environmental assessment of industrial areas is required to minimize the risk of soil and groundwater contamination. The survey of wide areas (e.g., some hectares) provides a high economical and complex logistical impact when random strategies of soil sampling are adopted. Recently, geophysical methods had been successfully adopted to drive the process of the spatial sampling of the … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 4 · 31 Aug 2009 · 7,168 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Influence of Soil Characteristics in Low Flows RegionalizationPaolo Vezza, Claudio Comoglio, Alberto Viglione, Maurizio RossoProblem statement: For the purpose of low flows regionalization, relevant issue for water resources management like environmental flows requirements definition, this study focused on the controls on the seasonal and spatial variability of q95 (i.e., the specific discharge that was exceeded on 95% of all the time) with particular reference to the role of soil characteristics, that, like soil infiltration … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 4 · 31 Aug 2009 · 6,484 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Discrete Event Modeling and Simulation of Wave Division Multiplexing Unidirectional Slotted Ring Metropolitan Area NetworkH. A. Fua’ad, S. Shamala, M. Othman, Z. ZuriatiProblem statement: The lack of uniformity in the choice of simulation platforms for optical WDM networks stands behind the difficulty of developing a common simulation environment. Correlating WDM unidirectional slotted ring network to Discrete Event Simulation (DES) encompassing event definition, time advancing mechanism and scheduler has yet to be developed. Approach: The study focused on the proposed and the development … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 5, Issue 6 · 30 Jun 2009 · 6,685 accessesView PDFCite