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289 articles for “Constraint”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOptimal Bidding Strategies for a Small Generation Company in a Day-Ahead Electricity Market with Bilateral Contracts Taken into AccountAzmi Saleh, Takao Tsuji, Tsutomu OyamaProblem Statement: Deregulation power systems have been force to change their structures, from vertically integrated to open market systems. Each generation company (Genco) is required to compete with rivals through bidding in a pool market and making a bilateral contract with a distribution company (Disco) or consumers to maximize its own profits. A unit commitment becomes responsible for each Genco … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2009 · 7,712 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractHeating Effects on Structural and Electrical Properties of PolyetherimideNissaf Mzabi, Hichem Smaoui, Hajer Guermazi et al.Problem statement: Polyetherimide (PEI) has several uses such as electrical insulation. It can undergo different constraints like heat or high voltage which influence its performances as insulator. In this study, the effects of heating on structural and electrical properties of polyetherimide (Ultem 1000) are studied. Approach: PEI samples were heated at different temperatures below the glass transition temperature (175, 190 … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2009 · 8,556 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractApplying Simulated Annealing For Optimal Operation of Multi-Reservoir SystemsF. Khodabakhshi, A. R. Ghirian, N. KhakzadThe need to optimize the operation of water reservoirs is an issue that is becoming increasingly a concern for water resources planners in developing countries. This issue particularly becomes more significant in large systems with multiple reservoirs where operation of one reservoir has an impact on the others. In other word, the set of reservoirs in these systems act like … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2009 · 7,626 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDetermination of Nonlinear Optimal Feedback Law for Satellite Injection Problem Using Neighboring Optimal ControlHamed Hossein Afshari, Alireza Basohbat Novinzadeh, Jafar RoshanianAn optimal trajectory design of a nonlinear satellite injection problem for transfer to a final target orbit by minimizing the time was investigated. Indeed, this design was an exact solution to the nonlinear two-point boundary value problem which determined optimal control history as well as optimal state trajectories in the open-loop form. Furthermore, the obtained optimal guidance strategy was exerted … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 3 · 31 Mar 2009 · 7,262 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Novel Method for Optimal Location and Expansion of Subtransmission Substations Considering Existing Medium-Voltage Distribution FeedersM. Farrokhifar, M. Bana Sharifian, R. EsmaeilzadehThis research presents an accurate comprehensive cost function for the problem of optimal location of subtransmission substations. Technical constraints and economical parameters are investigated in the modeling. Genetic algorithm is used to optimize the cost function. Coding of decision variables is done in a way that finding the correct solutions is achieved faster. For the first time in this study, … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 3 · 31 Mar 2009 · 7,793 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractComparative Studies on the Performance of Low Power Transmitters for Wireless Sensor NodesT. Sasilatha, J. RajaProblem statement: Power consumption was one of the most challenging aspects to design low power wireless sensor nodes. The objectives of the study were to (i) Design low voltage, low power transmitters for wireless sensor nodes and (ii) Compare and analyze the performance of the transmitters. Approach: The transmitters employed direct digital modulation scheme to reduce the power consumption of … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 5, Issue 2 · 28 Feb 2009 · 7,453 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDNA Code Word Design for DNA Computing with Real-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionMuhammad Faiz Mohamed Saaid, Zuwairie Ibrahim, Mohamad Shukri Zainal Abidin et al.Problem statement: A number of DNA computing models to solve mathematical graph problem such as the Hamiltonian Path Problem (HPP), Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), and the Shortest Path Problem (SPP), have been proposed and demonstrated. Normally, the DNA sequences used for the computation should be critically designed in order to reduce error that could occur during a computation. We have … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 5, Issue 1 · 31 Jan 2009 · 7,506 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDNA Sequence Optimization Based on Continuous Particle Swarm Optimization for Reliable DNA Computing and DNA NanotechnologyN. K. Khalid, Z. Ibrahim, T. B. Kurniawan et al.Problem statement: In DNA based computation and DNA nanotechnology, the design of good DNA sequences has turned out to be an essential problem and one of the most practical and important research topics. Basically, the DNA sequence design problem is a multi-objective problem and it can be evaluated using four objective functions, namely, Hmeasure, similarity, continuity and hairpin. Approach: There … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 4, Issue 11 · 30 Nov 2008 · 7,048 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Simple Tubesheet Layout Program for Heat ExchangersS. Murali, Y. Bhaskar RaoThe development of tubesheet layout program for shell and tube heat exchangers is presented in this study. Program is written in AutoLISP language, which provides standard tubesheet layout drawing as per standard codes and non standard tubsheet in AutoCAD Environment. The program computes the optimal number of tube count and lays out drawing with respecting constraints, including the shell ID, … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 30 Nov 2008 · 9,053 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractImpact of MD5 Authentication on Routing Traffic for the Case of: EIGRP, RIPv2 and OSPFK. A. Al-Saud, H. M. Tahir, Moutaz Saleh et al.Problem Statement: With the free flow of routing data and the high availability of computer resources, possible threats to the networks can result in loss of privacy and in malicious use of information or resources that can eventually lead to large monetary losses. Approach: MD5 Authentication: Due to the major role that routing protocols play in computer network infrastructures, special … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 4, Issue 9 · 30 Sep 2008 · 7,207 accessesView PDFCite