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264 results for “degradation”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDesign and Cost Performance of Decoding Technique for Hybrid Subcarrier Spectral Amplitude Coding-Optical Code Division Multiple Access SystemR.K.Z. Sahbudin, M.K. Abdullah, M. Mokhtar et al.Problem statement: A hybrid technique combining subcarrier multiplexed and Spectral Amplitude Coding-Optical Code Division Multiple Access (SAC-OCDMA) deploying the Khazani-Syed code was proposed. It was proposed as a mean of increasing the maximum number of simultaneous active users by increasing the subcarrier and/or the SAC-OCDMA code word. Multiple Access Interference (MAI) is the most dominant cause of performance degradation in … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 7, Issue 10 · 4 Aug 2011 · 6,881 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDurian Husk Properties and its Heating Value EquationPatomsok WilaiponProblem statement: Agricultural residue seems to be one of the most promising energy resources for developing countries. Among the other fruits, durian is a popular one for Thai people. Therefore, a large amount of durian husk is left at the shops or factories. This study was aimed to investigate the characteristics and heating value of durian husk and to develop … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 9 · 1 Aug 2011 · 7,865 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCellulolytic Enzymes Production by Solid State Culture Using Pecan Nut Shell as Substrate and SupportMiguel A. Medina-Morales, José L. Martínez-Hernández, Heliodoro de la Garza, Cristóbal Noé AguilarProblem Statement: Great interest in the use of lignocellulosic biomass is increasing in order to diminish the accumulation of residues, such as pecan nut shells. One of the alternatives is the fungal degradation of these residues. Approach: The capacity of Trichoderma (coded as T1, T2 and T3) strains to produce cellulase and xylonite was evaluated. Results: Pecan nut shell fibers … …American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 2 · 6 Jun 2011 · 8,027 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Decision Making Tool for Hazardous Waste Landfill Site SelectionP. Pandiyan, A. Murugesan, T. Vidhyadevi et al.Problem statement: Continuous global environmental crisis and degradation has been a challenge for the sustainability of living on earth. This threat was posed by industrialization, high products need, urbanization and population growth activities. As a result, the hazardous waste generation has tremendously increased. Approach: Landfill was one of the positive approaches to handle hazardous waste generated in great quantity. The … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 2 · 26 May 2011 · 7,421 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractComparing the Fertility of Soils under Khaya ivorensis Plantation and Regenerated Degraded Secondary ForestsYetti Heryati, Arifin Abdu, Mohd Noor Mahat et al.Problem statement: It is widely accepted that conversion of natural forest to other land use types leads to deterioration of soil fertility and increased soil compaction which consequently become degraded secondary forests. Degraded secondary forest or forestland is indicated by low in soil fertility and organic matter due to imbalance input and output from original vegetation. Forest plantation through planting … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 5 · 17 May 2011 · 8,513 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Study of Urban Quality of Life in a Developing CountrySedigheh Lotfi, Amin Faraji, Husain Hataminejad, Ahmad PourahmadProblem statement: The rapid growth of urbanization has led to degradation of quality of life in many developing countries. The qualitative approach towards development concepts provided background for studying the object of quality of life. This concept was declared by Raymond Bauer in 1966 in response to the increase of urban crisis. Today, quality of life refers to the capacity … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 2 · 21 Mar 2011 · 8,341 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCloning of the Endoglucanase Gene from a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PSM 3.1 in Escherichia coli Revealed Catalytic Triad Residues Thr-His-GluZeily Nurachman, Sari Dewi Kurniasih, Ferra Puspitawati et al.Problem statement: An Indonesian marine bacterial isolate, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PSM 3.1 was isolated for hydrolyzing cellulose. A 1500-bp nucleotide fragment was amplified from the chromosomal DNA by the use of primers directed against the conserved sequence of Bacilli endoglucanase genes obtained from GenBank. Approach: The fragment was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Results: The endoglucanase gene (eglII gene) had … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 6, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2010 · 9,727 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractUse of a Mixture of Thermophilic Enzymes Produced by the Fungus Thermoascus aurantiacus to Enhance the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of the Sugarcane Bagasse CelluloseJ. R. Monte, W. Carvalho, A. M. F. MilagresProblem statement: The production of hydrolytic enzymes by T. aurantiacus has been performed under solid-state fermentations using lignocellulosic materials. The influences of the inoculum size and of the fermentation medium on the production of hemicellulases and cellulases were studied. Filtrates from the cultures were used to hydrolyze a pulp of sugarcane bagasse and the produced enzymes were shown to be … …American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 4 · 13 Dec 2010 · 9,215 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPhotocatalytic Activity and Antibacterial Behavior of Fe3+-Doped TiO2/SnO2 NanoparticlesLek Sikong, Budsabakorn Kongreong, Duangporn Kantachote, Weerawan SutthisripokProblem statement: Since bacteria mainly causes damage on fresh vegetables and fruits during transportation to market, anti-bacterial TiO2 photocatalyst was applied for their packaging films. However, it has been known that pure TiO2 exhibits low photocatalytic property due to rapid recombination of photo-activated electrons and holes. Doping with metal or metal oxide shows the improvement of photocatalytic activity and disinfection … …Energy Research Journal, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 31 Oct 2010 · 15,242 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractRare Earth Elements and Geochemical Partitioning of Zn and Pb in Sediments of an Urban RiverShaila Sharmin, H. M. Zakir, Naotatsu ShikazonoProblem statement: Urban river sediment pollution due to Zn and Pb is a serious problem in all over the world. The source and level of Zn and Pb pollution in sediments of Nomi River of Ota Ward, one of the most industrialized areas in Tokyo, Japan is still lacking. Approach: The present study focused on Rare Earth Elements (REEs) and … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 5 · 31 Oct 2010 · 6,969 accessesView PDFCite