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323 results for “Urban”
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Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleEvaluation of Gaussian Plume Model against CFD Simulations through the Estimation of CO and NO Concentrations in an Urban AreaMahmoud BadyDispersion of air pollutants, Carbon monoxide (CO) and Nitrogen oxide (NO), due to three point sources and a high-density traffic road in an urban area located near the center of Tokyo, Japan was studied using two different approaches. The first is an analytical approach using Gaussian Plume Model (GPM) while the second is a numerical approach using Computational Fluid Dynamics … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 13, Issue 2 · 12 Apr 2017 · 7,907 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleExploring the Inadequacy of Pertinent Capacities for Urban Flood Risk Management in the Developing CountriesNkwunonwo Ugonna Chimnonyerem, Chiemelu Emmanuel Ndukwe, Nkwunonwo Ugochi AdannayaOf all the widespread natural hazards with large scale human, economic and environmental impacts, flooding surpasses. In the urban areas, the threats of this hazard are substantial and call for ever more attention, which, within the contexts of sustainable human and urban development, is increasingly an important problem in social science research. Urban flooding is a relatively new hazard phenomenon, … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 12, Issue 3 · 18 Aug 2016 · 7,828 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleAn Entire-Array-Polygon (EAP) Method to Assess Urban Development SuitabilityLong Cheng, Yan LiuChina has been experiencing rapid urbanization since the economic reforms and open-up in the late 1970s, with the expansion and restructuring of existing cities taking place at an unprecedented pace, as well as the emergence of many new cities. However, it remains a challenge for urban planners and decision-makers to identify and assess the suitability of areas for future urban … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 12, Issue 4 · 2 Jul 2016 · 7,676 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleMeasuring Intra-City Eco-Efficiency Variations of Urban Infrastructures in JeddahMohammed Aljoufie, Alok TiwariSaudi cities are experiencing construction booms linked to urban infrastructure services and the Kingdom’s second largest city, Jeddah, is not an exception. As these booms are associated with urban expansion and rapid population growth, the major challenge confronting urban planners is the ensuring of resource efficiency given the offered infrastructure. In fact, reducing the consumption of resources and the impact … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 12, Issue 3 · 14 May 2016 · 7,445 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleRural and Urban Attitudes toward Immigrants in the U.S. Midwest and Great PlainsMiguel Ceballos, Oksana Yakushko, Courtney LyonsRecent immigration has transformed much of the Midwest and Great Plains regions of the United States, affecting its rural and urban areas through dramatic increases in the foreign-born population and in particular Latino immigrant populations. This study examines three theories of prejudice: Perceptions of threat, contact with immigrants and a cosmopolitanism outlook, in predicting rural and urban attitudes toward immigrants … …Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 10, Issue 4 · 7 Jan 2015 · 8,287 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleHEAT INTENSITY OF URBAN BUILT ENVIRONMENT IN HOT HUMID CLIMATE REGIONBeta Paramita, Hiroatsu FukudaLarge numbers of inhabitants in a dense area require land coverage for sheltering purposes. The anthropogenic heat emission potentially reduces ventilation of urban areas and significantly brings changes in air temperature. This study is aimed at finding the correlations between urban form and the alteration of urban microclimate in different land-uses. This study has been carried out in Bandung, Indonesia, … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 10, Issue 3 · 16 Apr 2014 · 7,812 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleImaging Spectroscopy and Light Detection and Ranging Data Fusion for Urban Features ExtractionMohammed Idrees, Helmi Zulhaidi Mohd Shafri, Vahideh SaeidiThis study presents our findings on the fusion of Imaging Spectroscopy (IS) and LiDAR data for urban feature extraction. We carried out necessary preprocessing of the hyperspectral image. Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) transforms was used for ordering hyperspectral bands according to their noise. Thereafter, we employed Optimum Index Factor (OIF) to statistically select the three most appropriate bands combination from … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 10, Issue 12 · 28 Oct 2013 · 7,152 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleIntra Urban Air Temperature Distributions in Historic Urban CenterElmira Jamei, Dilshan Remaz OssenThe study investigates the urban heat island effect in Malaysian historic town Malacca through seven mobile traverses, as carried out on 10 December 2011. It aims to identify the intra-urban air temperature differences between heritage core zone, new development area and outskirts of the city. Air temperature variations were also analyzed across three different zones; namely the outskirts, the heritage … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 5 · 17 Aug 2012 · 8,750 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleEnvironmental Modeling for Traffic Noise in Urban AreaFrancis Cirianni, Giovanni LeonardiTraffic noise can be classified among the worst factors in terms of damage to people’s health and well-being. The trend of noise pollution modeling variable from the smart result of classic regressive models in the performance of many assessment models based on mathematical expressions, genetic algorithms and neural networks (of GRNN type, General Regression Neural Network). A methodological approach for … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 4 · 18 Jun 2012 · 7,438 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessEvery word in the titleA Linear Model for Moving Measurements Estimation in Urban Climate StudiesClaudia Cotrim Pezzuto, Lucila Chebel Labaki, Lia Toledo Moreira Mota, Alexandre Alexandre de Assis MotaProblem statement: Several methods can be adopted to study the variations in urban climate. The mobile measurement method is one of them, involving information provided by moving measurements of air temperature, that are taken in points defined along pre-established routes and also data from fixed-point temperature recording stations. Because moving measurements are made in different times along the measurement process, … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 7 · 24 Jun 2011 · 7,038 accessesView PDFCite