Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Cosmic Microwave Background: A Strange CharacteristicA. DinculescuThe ratio of the self-gravitational energy density of the scattering particles in the universe to the energy density of the scattered photons in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is the same in any volume of space. These two energy densities are equal at a radiation temperature on the order of the present CMB temperature. …Space Science International, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 11 Dec 2013 · 7,217 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Effect of Rapid Thermal Annealing Towards the Performance of Screen-Printed Si Solar CellShahrul Anizan, Cheow Siu Leong, Khairymaza Lee Yusri et al.Problem statement: Solar cells are used to capture the photons which generate the energy. However the efficiency of the cells to turn the amount of photon to electricity needs to be high and so the cells enhancement is needed. This involved the whole process of the developing of the cells, thus annealing process is one of the important steps that … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 3 · 25 Mar 2011 · 7,224 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractIntegration of Quantum Cryptography through Satellite Networks TransmissionSkander Aris, Abderraouf Messai, Malek Benslama et al.Problem statement: The security of the telecommunications satellite has become a crucial issue. The telecommunications can be set using the classical cryptography. But this so-called classical cryptography provides cryptographic security. This means that security is based on the difficulty of some mathematics problems. On the other hand, quantum cryptography provides security without conditions based on the law of quantum physics. … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 1 · 31 Jan 2011 · 7,516 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractQuantum Key Distribution Using Decoy State ProtocolSellami Ali, Shuhairi Saharudin, M. R.B. WahiddinProblem statement: Quantum key distribution provides unconditional security guaranteed by the fundamental laws of quantum physics. Unfortunately, for real-life experimental set-ups, which mainly based on faint laser pulses, the occasional production of multi-photons and channel loss make it possible for sophisticated eavesdroppers to launch various subtle eavesdropping attacks including the Photon Number Splitting (PNS) attack. The decoy state protocols recently … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2009 · 8,434 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractConverting of Matter to Nuclear Energy by AB-GeneratorAlexander BolonkinProblem statement: Researcher offered a new nuclear generator which allowed to convert any matter to nuclear energy in accordance with Einstein equation E = mc2. The method was based upon tapping the energy potential of a Micro Black Hole (MBH) and Hawking radiation created by this MBH. Researcher did not meet the idea and its research in literature to develop … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2009 · 8,626 accessesView PDFCite