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44 results for “Host Response”
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EditorialOpen accessIn the abstractEditorial Commentary: Challenge of Non–AIDS-Defining Cancers (NADCs), Focusing on Trans Activation Response Element (TAR) RNA Embedding ExosomesLechuang Chen, Ge JinGlobally, 37.9 million people were living with HIV at the end of 2018 (Organization, 2018). Cancer is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in AIDS patients and chronically HIV-infected people. With the aid of combination Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), people living with HIV (PLWH) have a longer life span. However, because the virus is not completely eradicated, PLWH under antiretroviral … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 15, Issue 1 · 28 Nov 2019 · 6,657 accessesView PDFCite
EditorialOpen accessIn the abstractFocalize the Structure of Myd88 in TLR Signaling Pathway to Modulate Innate Immune Response: New Target for Old DiseasesShuai Xing, Ping ZhouAll diseases have their Achilles’ Heel to target and this is especially true for immunorelated diseases which must be treated by targeting the immune system somewhere and somehow correctly. In the most recent decade, immunologists recognized that the Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) signaling pathway in innate immune system plays a double-edged role in the pathogenesis of many notorious diseases. Although the … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 13, Issue 3 · 6 Sep 2017 · 7,862 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractResponses of Neural Cells (U87) to HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43 InfectionsEun Ju Oh, Jae-Sik Jeon, Qian-Wen Wang, Jae Kyung KimRespiratory viruses, such as Coronaviruses (CoVs), can be neuroinvasive and exacerbate neurological pathologies via their capacity for direct viral replication and/or by inducing excessive host immune responses in the Central Nervous System (CNS). HCoV-229E is a primary COVID-19 and HCoV-OC43 is a beta COVID-19 belonging to the same genus as SARS-CoV-2 and both can cause acute infections in glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, … …American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vol. 19, Issue 2 · 8 Jun 2023 · 5,181 accessesView PDFCite
Review ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPromising Effects of Beta-Glucans on Metabolism and on the Immune Responses: Review ArticleViviam de Oliveira Silva, Natália Oliveira de Moura, Larissa Jahnel Rodrigues de Oliveira et al.A public health issue, Diabetes mellitus, affects millions of people around the globe. Ingestion of foods with a low glycemic index - fiber-rich meals-such as beta-glucans, is increasing as an important alternative for diabetes control. These compounds act reducing parameters such as blood glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides, by decreasing the absorption of glucose and lipids by enterocytes and eventually promote … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 13, Issue 1 · 29 Mar 2017 · 12,684 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractAntibody Responses to HIV-1 gp120 Hypervariable Regions in Six Long-Term Non-ProgressorsRebecca Rivera, Kyung Hee Kang, Murray B. Gardner et al.Our long-term goal is to discover the combination of host parameters that help some HIV-infected individuals to resist progression to AIDS. In this study, we examined antibody responses using multiple samples obtained from a cohort of Long-Term Non-Progressors (LTNPs). Our hypothesis is that antibody responses to variable regions of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein are involved in reducing the viral load … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 12, Issue 2 · 1 Jul 2016 · 7,649 accessesView PDFCite
Review ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDNA Vaccination Associated with Eliminating Inheritance Risks during Embryo Development: A ReviewRia MargianaThe process of immunization using modified DNA is essential whenever scientists desire to trigger an artificial response in the host’s body to improve immunity. The use of DNA vaccines awakens the somatic cells of the host to produce antigens that will assist the body to prepare to fight infections through preventive measures triggered by the vaccines. These biological inventions have … …OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 16, Issue 2 · 26 May 2016 · 6,873 accessesView PDFCite
Review ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Duality of AIM2 Inflammasome: A Focus on its Role in Autoimmunity and Skin DiseasesMiriam CanaveseUnderstanding the inflammasome biology is one of the most exciting challenges in immuno-pharmacology. The role of the inflammasomes has been recognized in the host defense mechanism against invading pathogens and in the development of several conditions, such as cancer, auto-inflammatory, autoimmune, metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. DNA recognition by the cells is a crucial immunological step leading to the initiation of … …American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol. 11, Issue 1 · 23 Apr 2016 · 7,369 accessesView PDFCite
Review ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractRole of Cytokines and Transcription Factors in Periodontitis: A Review of Cellular and Molecular MechanismsAnne Carolina Eleutério Leite, Valéria Martins de Araújo Carneiro, Júlia Faria Nunes et al.Periodontal Diseases (PD) are characterized by pathological manifestation of host immune response to bacterial infection at the tooth/gingival interface. Evidences points periodontitis as a risk factor for pathological systemic conditions, such as, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. The identification of host factors that determine their susceptibility to immune subversion can provide useful information in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Protective acute inflammatory … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 11, Issue 4 · 9 Dec 2015 · 7,807 accessesView PDFCite
EditorialOpen accessIn the abstractAre we Able to Harness the Immunomodulatory Power of Cytokines for Novel Autoimmune Disease Treatments?Giuseppe Nocentini, Graziella Migliorati, Carlo RiccardiSince the end of the 1970s, interleukin 2 (IL-2) has been known as a key player in T cell expansion/activation (Watson et al., 1980). In the late 1980s, some groups used IL-2 to stimulate the immune systems of tumour patients (Jacobs et al., 1986). The idea seemed brilliant and several attempts were made, but the results were disappointing (Lim et … …American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol. 10, Issue 2 · 22 Oct 2015 · 7,625 accessesView PDFCite
EditorialOpen accessIn the abstractNeutrophil Extracellular Traps as Therapeutic Targets for Inflammatory DiseaseRory R. KoenenNeutrophilic granulocytes, or neutrophils are the most abundant circulating white blood cell and constitute a first line of defense against pathogens. They are characterized by a large polymorphic lobular nucleus and the presence of many secretory granules in their cytoplasm. Neutrophils are essential for a functional host defense, as is evidenced by the occurrence of severe infections in individuals with … …American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol. 9, Issue 4 · 25 Feb 2015 · 8,737 accessesView PDFCite