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34 results for “CD4 cells”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractHumoral and Cellular Effects of Stress-An Extensive Model SystemMazal Shimon-Hophy, Ramy R. AvtalionThe influence of stress on the immune system of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) was studied by measuring leukocytes levels using flow cytometry and mRNA immune components by real time qPCR. Acute and chronic oxidative stresses were generated by different regimes of exposure of carp to environmental air. In acute stress, induced by single air exposure, the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1β, … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 13, Issue 2 · 18 Apr 2017 · 6,724 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA New Proposed Statistically-Derived Compromise Cut-off CD4 Count Value for HIV Patients to Start using ARVsMaria Mokgadi Lekganyane, Solly Matshonisa SeeletseThe study investigated the relationship between statistical outliers and the inconsistent values of the CD4 count recommended for starting the Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) by HIV-positive patients. Low CD4 counts imply a low immune system. It could be due to AIDS existence or closeness to death. An effective treatment to curb HIV impact is ART, which is recommended for low CD4 … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 13, Issue 7 · 29 Jun 2016 · 7,333 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDetermination of Predictors Associated With HIV/AIDS Patients on ART Using Accelerated Failure Time Model for Interval Censored Survival DataPrafulla Kumar Swain, Gurprit GroverThe main objective of this paper is to identify the independent predictors affecting the survival of HIV/AIDS infected patients on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), an interval censored event time outcome. A total of 2052 HIV/AIDS patients, who were on ART at Ram ManoharLohia Hospital, New Delhi, India, during the period of April 2004 to December 2010, were included for analysis. Accelerated … …Current Research in Biostatistics, Vol. 6, Issue 1 · 12 Jan 2016 · 8,311 accessesView PDFCite
Review ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractRole of Cytokines and Transcription Factors in Periodontitis: A Review of Cellular and Molecular MechanismsAnne Carolina Eleutério Leite, Valéria Martins de Araújo Carneiro, Júlia Faria Nunes et al.Periodontal Diseases (PD) are characterized by pathological manifestation of host immune response to bacterial infection at the tooth/gingival interface. Evidences points periodontitis as a risk factor for pathological systemic conditions, such as, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. The identification of host factors that determine their susceptibility to immune subversion can provide useful information in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Protective acute inflammatory … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 11, Issue 4 · 9 Dec 2015 · 7,807 accessesView PDFCite
EditorialOpen accessIn the abstractAre we Able to Harness the Immunomodulatory Power of Cytokines for Novel Autoimmune Disease Treatments?Giuseppe Nocentini, Graziella Migliorati, Carlo RiccardiSince the end of the 1970s, interleukin 2 (IL-2) has been known as a key player in T cell expansion/activation (Watson et al., 1980). In the late 1980s, some groups used IL-2 to stimulate the immune systems of tumour patients (Jacobs et al., 1986). The idea seemed brilliant and several attempts were made, but the results were disappointing (Lim et … …American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vol. 10, Issue 2 · 22 Oct 2015 · 7,625 accessesView PDFCite
Literature ReviewOpen accessIn the abstractStaphylococcus aureus Vaccine Candidate from MRSA Isolates: The Prospect of a Multivalent VaccineNovra Arya Sandi, Tenri Ashari Wanahari, Isabel MacPhillamy et al.Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a major cause various infections in humans and animals throughout the world. The increasing incidence of S. aureus infection, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is complicated by the antibiotic-resistance phenomenon. Thus, it requires new strategies to prevent wider scale of its incidence occurring. Preventative methods against infectious diseases through vaccination can prevent, control and reduce … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 11, Issue 3 · 27 Aug 2015 · 8,471 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Potential of VipAlbumin® to Chronic Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Balb/C Mice ModelDinia Rizqi Dwijayanti, M. Sasmito Djati, Mansur Ibrahim, Muhaimin Rifa’iDiabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of diseases which have increasing number of sufferers every year. Almost all DM patients are type 2 DM. One of the causes of type 2 DM is a chronic inflammation due to an increase of circulating proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-6. VipAlbumin® from snakehead fish extract is expected to be useful as … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 11, Issue 2 · 13 Jul 2015 · 7,612 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEffects of Short Term in vitro Stress Hormone Exposure on Regulatory T Cell Number and Function in AsthmaKristina E. Rehm, Gailen D. Marshall, Jr.Asthma is characterized by alterations in the immune system, including regulatory T cells (Treg). Further alterations in Treg numbers and/or function caused by stress hormones may be a contributing factor in asthma pathogenesis. We compared Treg populations and the effects of Dexamethasone (DEX, a laboratory analog of cortisol) on Treg cell number and function in patients with asthma and a … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 11, Issue 1 · 24 Apr 2015 · 6,608 accessesView PDFCite
EditorialOpen accessIn the abstractGLUTATHIONE: A POSSIBLE LINK TO AUTOPHAGY IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUSDilip Shah, Swapan K. NathIncreased free radical formation and altered redox state are of fundamental importance in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases including Systemic Lupus Erythematos (SLE). Free radicals are mainly derived from oxygen (Reactive Oxygen Species/ROS) and nitrogen (Reactive Nitrogen Species/RNS) at mitochondria, cellular membranes and the endoplasmic reticulum membrane as physiological responses to a variety of internal and external stress (Shah et … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 10, Issue 3 · 3 Sep 2014 · 12,773 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractClinical and Sociodemographic Risk Factors for Tuberculosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected PatientsPaz-Ayar Nibardo, Jose Antonio Mata-Marin, Jesus Gaytan-Martinez et al.To identify clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with the risk of tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients. A case-control study in a cohort of HIV-infected patients. Cases: patients coinfected with HIV and pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Controls: no clinical tuberculosis and PPD negative, matched for age and sex. Primary data were obtained from medical records and personal interviews. We identified 47 cases … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 9, Issue 4 · 30 Nov 2013 · 8,236 accessesView PDFCite