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187 articles for “equivalent”
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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Definition of Extended High-level Timed Petri NetsCheng Guangming, Liao Minghong, Wu XianghuMany extensions of Petri nets have been proposed to model the behaviors and time relations of embedded system, yet these models are all based on some assumptions about the behaviors of embedded systems. Especially they all do not have the actual ability to model interrupt mechanism of embedded system. A new net which is called Extended High Level Timed Petri … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 2, Issue 2 · 28 Feb 2006 · 7,039 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractFault Reconstruction Using Sliding Mode ObserversK. Hakiki, B. Mazari, A. Liazid, S. DjaberIn this study, a nonlinear sliding observer is proposed to explicitly reconstruct fault signals. The novelty lies in the application of the equivalent output injection concept. Previous work in the area of fault detection has used disruption of the sliding motion to detect faults. The aim of the present study was to design a robust observer that slides in the … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 1 · 31 Jan 2006 · 6,680 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEvaluation and Beneficiation of Feldspar from Arkosic Sandstone in South Jordan for Application in the Ceramic IndustryMousa GougazehThe main purpose of the present study was to investigate the beneficiation and upgrading processes of a Jordanian feldspar ores to be finally implemented in the ceramic industry. The experimental work was conducted to evaluate the role of particle size distribution, chemical composition, mineral content and the magnetic impurities (Fe2O3 +TiO2 contents). The beneficiation of the 500-45 μm fractions, which … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 1 · 31 Jan 2006 · 6,981 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractComparison of Bit Error Rate Performance of Multi Tone Channel Utilising De-OQPSK and De-Off Set 16 QAM with Guard IntervalIbrahim A.Z. QatawnehDigital communications systems use Multi tone Channel (MC) transmission techniques with differentially encoded and differentially coherent demodulation. Today there are two principle MC application, one is for the high speed digital subscriber loop and the other is for the broadcasting of digital audio and video signals. In this study the comparison of multi carriers with OQPSK and Offset 16 QAM … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2005 · 6,847 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractWillingness to Pay for Air Quality Improvements in Klang Valley MalaysiaRafia Afroz, Mohd N. Hassan, Muhamad Awang, Noor A. IbrahimThis research employed contingent valuation method (CVM) to estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) of the respondents to improve the air quality in Klang Valley. The samples were divided according to different question formats i.e. open ended(OE), dichotomous choice(DC) and payment card(PC). The objective of this study is to investigate the convergent validity of contingent valuation estimates by comparing the … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2005 · 8,995 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Methodology to Segment the Text for Index TermsMuhammad Shoaib, Abad Ali ShahThe problem of information overload is a hot issue with the growth of the world wide web. The need for the tools those should be able to absorb this huge information and eliminate this problem is evident especially for IR systems. Text is not a simple sequence of words but carries a structure. It is essential to handle these uncontrollable … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 9 · 30 Sep 2005 · 6,691 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractSimulation and Visualization of Safing SensorKhaled M. Furati, Hattan Tawfiq, Abul Hasan SiddiqiNumerical simulations of Maxwell’s equations have attracted attention of several mathematicians and engineers in the recent past. Such solutions are required for proper understanding of industrial problems. In this paper we focus our attention on numerical simulation of safing sensor required by a car industry. Maxwell’s equation system models this industrial problem. We discuss numerical simulation by the fastful developed … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2005 · 6,922 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA New Data Base Scheme Arabic Handwriting Recognition by Hopfield Neural Networks AlgorithmHasan M. Al Shalabi, Mowafak F. Hasan, Abbas M. AliA new scheme for Arabic handwriting recognition by means of mat lab software is proposed. It can be seen as construction of neural networks that associate the hand writing Arabic text with the stored Arabic text in a specific data base are nearly equivalent. This result indicates that the new scheme have the potential to be robust in the presence … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2005 · 6,784 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractInvestigation of Flow Energy Dissipation over Different Stepped SpillwaysG. A. Barani, M. B. Rahnama, N. SohrabipoorIn this study, to investigate energy dissipation of flow overstepped spillways of different step shapes, a physical wooden model has been built in the Shahid Bahonar University’s hydraulics lab. This model with 41.41° slope has 84 cm height and 21 steps. Each step has 4 cm height, 4.5 cm width and 30 cm length. Experiments have been carried out for … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 6 · 30 Jun 2005 · 7,475 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDifferent Methods for Pion-nucleus Optical PotentialS. A.E. Khallaf, A. A. IbrahimElastic and inelastic cross-sections for pion scattering on 12C at pion kinetic energy ranging from 50 to 260 MeV are computed using three independent methods of π± -nucleus optical potential, the 3α-particle model of the nucleus, the equivalent local Kisslinger potential and the Laplacian one. Reasonable fits to the measured values are obtained for 12C without adjusting free parameters. The … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 5 · 31 May 2005 · 6,387 accessesView PDFCite