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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEffect of Wall Roughness and Concentration of Clay on Erosion in the Hole Erosion TestKissi Benaissa, Parron Vera Miguel Angel, Rubio Cintas Maria Dolores et al.Problem statement: Internal soil erosion is a real threat for hydraulic infrastructures. In its final stage it develops in piping involving the formation and progression of a continuous void inside the soil between the upstream and downstream sides. The hole erosion test was introduced to characterize kinematics of piping in terms of the time left to rupture. Actual modeling approaches … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 4 · 22 Nov 2010 · 8,506 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractWall Shear Stress Distribution in Patient Specific Coronary Artery BifurcationVahab Dehlaghi, Frank GijsenProblem statement: Atherogenesis is affected by hemodynamic parameters, such as wall shear stress and wall shear stress spatial gradient. These parameters are largely dependent on the geometry of arterial tree. Arterial bifurcations contain significant flow disturbances. Approach: The effects of branch angle and vessel diameter ratio at the bifurcations on the wall shear stress distribution in the coronary arterial tree … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 9 · 30 Sep 2010 · 7,365 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractQuadratic Convergence Ratio of Constrained Optimal Control ProblemsO. OlotuProblem statement: Earlier Researchers developed algorithms for solving quadratic control problems, but did not address the quadratic convergence ratio profile. Approach: Hence, the objective of this work is using our developed scheme, Discretized Continuous Algorithm (DCA), to examine both convergence profile and quadratic ratio profile demonstrating the effectiveness and efficiency of the scheme. Methodologically, we obtained generalized unconstrained formulation of … …Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, Vol. 6, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2010 · 7,372 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractImbedding the Multiplier in a Discretized Optimal Control Problem With Real Coefficients Via the Penalty and Multiplier MethodsO. OlotuProblem statement: Many earlier schemes, particularly the Function Space Algorithm (FSA) which sidetracks the knowledge of operator, for solving quadratic optimal control problems have been computationally involving and iteratively high. Approach: Though, some of these earlier schemes developed operators consisting of complicated integrals still very difficult to evaluate. Here, objectively, a new scheme, Discretized Continuous Algorithm (DCA), is proposed with … …Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, Vol. 6, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2010 · 7,041 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractImproved Coupled Tank Liquid Levels System Based on Swarm Adaptive Tuning of Hybrid Proportional-Integral Neural Network ControllerM.S. Ramli, RM.T. Raja Ismail, M.A. Ahmad et al.Problem statement: Accuracy and stability of many systems in chemical and process industries which has Two-Input Two-Output (TITO) is one of the key factors of process which have cross coupling between process input and output. Approach: Unlike traditional neural network weight adaptation using gradient descent method, Particles Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique was utilized for adaptive tuning of neural network weights … …American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2009 · 7,822 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractEffect of Precipitation Fluctuation on Soil Carbon Storage of a Tropical Peat Swamp ForestAnton Eko Satrio, Seca Gandaseca, Osumanu Haruna Ahmed, Nik Muhamad Ab. MajidProblem statement: It is important to compare the effect of extremely different rainfall conditions on soil carbon storage of lowland tropical peat swamp forest. Therefore, under these natural rainfall gradient, the objectives of this study were to determine whether rainfall affects soil carbon storage of a tropical peat swamp forest and to determine what correlations between variables occurs which stimulate … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 8 · 31 Aug 2009 · 8,603 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractComparative Study of Changing Drainage Basin System with Tectonic Forms, Case Study: Lut Block, IranEbrahim MoghimiThe study area locates in the east of Iran and it is morphologic block (unit). Problem statement: Sharp contrasts in the appearances of landscapes such as drainage basins with litology (kind of rock), tectonic regime, folding and climatic effect had been inspired geomorphologies in the past and now to devise schemes to explain those contrasts. These contrasts also remained and … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 6 · 30 Jun 2009 · 7,265 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Short-term Management Strategy for Improving Transit Network EfficiencyAmir Samimi, Hedayat Z. Aashtiani, Abolfazl (Kouros) MohammadianImproving the service quality of the public transport systems has always been an interesting research area in the field of transportation planning. Public transit system expansion and enhancement has been known as a recognized way to improve congested metropolitan areas. In order to make a transit system more attractive to people, both long and short term management strategies should be … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 6, Issue 2 · 28 Feb 2009 · 7,208 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractGeochemical Distribution of Trace Metals and Assessment of Anthropogenic Pollution in Sediments of Old Nakagawa River, Tokyo, JapanH.M. Zakir, Naotatsu Shikazono, Kazuo OtomoThe geochemical distributions of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) were examined in sediments collected from Old Nakagawa River (NR), Tokyo, Japan. A widely used 5-step sequential extraction procedure was employed for the fractionation of the metals and the concentrations were measured in the liquid extracts by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The association … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 6 · 31 Dec 2008 · 7,453 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDynamic Analysis of Structures Using Neural NetworksN. Ahmadi, R. Kamyab Moghadas, A. LavaeiIn the recent years, neural networks are considered as the best candidate for fast approximation with arbitrary accuracy in the time consuming problems. Dynamic analysis of structures against earthquake has the time consuming process. We employed two kinds of neural networks: Generalized Regression neural network (GR) and Back-Propagation Wavenet neural network (BPW), for approximating of dynamic time history response of … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 9 · 30 Sep 2008 · 7,154 accessesView PDFCite