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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractExogenous Re-infection by Multiple Exposures to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Contributes to Subsequent Development of Active TuberculosisDiane J. Ordway, Miguel Viveiros, Fernando A. Ventura et al.The majority of tuberculosis (TB) exists in the world’s poorest countries, where costly biosafety level three facilities for containment of infectious TB patients and diagnostic facilities are not affordable. Health care workers (HCWs), in countries with high burdens of tuberculosis (TB) are at risk of nosocomially acquired TB, as there are increased numbers of cases of TB on open hospital … …American Journal of Immunology, Vol. 1, Issue 1 · 31 Mar 2005 · 6,967 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractDistribution Network Planning and Design Using Branch and Bound MethodsJalal AbdallahThis study presents implementation of the bound and branch methods as an optimization mathematical device for distribution network planning. A development technology concentrates on minimizing the total costs and provides extended opportunities for improvement of network operation, from the initial planning stage. The study illustrate the mathematical and the algorithm of the branch and bound method with an example to … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 3 · 31 Mar 2005 · 7,042 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractThe Operational Features of Pumping Stations Equiped with Parallel-Connected Centrifugal Pumps for Land-ReclamationKhalid S. Al-RababaThe required water supply of a pump could be provided by means of different combinations of pressure piping and pumping units at different operational costs. The basic indices describing the operational modes for the individual and group pumping units, including the values of the efficiency, are computed. The adequacy of the calculational results that based on the developed mathematical models … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 1 · 31 Jan 2005 · 6,802 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractCivil Liberties and Computer MonitoringKevin Curran, Steven McIntyre, Hugo Meenan et al.Civil Liberties-the term used for the fundamental liberties and rights of a country's citizen is the right of free speech, thought and action. This is the fundamental building block of a democratic society. This research essay outlines the current measures western governments are taking to ensure our safety and the associated costs of civil and human rights. …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2004 · 6,956 accessesView PDF Cite

Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOn the Optimum Numbers of Stages in Vapour Compression Refrigeration SystemsDurriye Bilge, Galip TemirIn this study, cases of single-stage and multi-stage compression have been compared and contrasted through various angles while concentrating on refrigeration systems with 600 kW cooling capacity and working with ammonia. For five different numbers of stages, power consumption, costs of investment, operation and maintenance (O and M), COP and 2nd law efficiencies have been calculated. As the amount of … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 2 · 30 Jun 2004 · 6,688 accessesView PDF Cite