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1,161 results for “Norm”

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Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractVirus Dynamics in VivoGuang Wu, Shaomin YanIn this study, we model the interaction among antibody, virus, host cell, immune cell and normal cell as random collisions, because antibody and virus are unlikely to have efficient driving systems. Then we use the model II of waiting times to analyze the collision between antibody and virus with a certain number of normal cells, and use the Monte-Carlo simulation … …American Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 1, Issue 4 · 31 Dec 2005 · 6,274 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOn Stability in Multiobjective Integer Linear Programming: A Stochastic ApproachWalied H. Sharif, Omar M. SaadIn this study we consider a multiobjective integer linear stochastic programming problem with individual chance constraints. We assume that there is randomness in the right-hand sides of the constraints only and that the random variables are normally distributed. Some stability notions for such problem are characterized. An auxiliary problem is discussed and an algorithm as well as an illustrative example … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 12 · 31 Dec 2005 · 6,712 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractFailure Diagnosis on Discrete Event SystemsSihem Kechida, Nasr Eddine DebbacheThe modern technology advances to a point where it is possible and extensively desirable to improve reliability and the technical process safety. This is achieved by computer implanted FDI procedures (Fault Detection and Isolation). However, the malfunction of actuators, sensors and of the process components, as well as erroneous actions of human operators can have some disastrous consequences in high … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 11 · 30 Nov 2005 · 6,889 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractOn the Effect of Counterface Materials on Interface Temperature and Friction Coefficient of GFRE Composite Under Dry Sliding ContactN. S.M. El-Tayeb, B. F. Yousif, P. V. BrevernNowadays, there is an increase interest in polymeric composite materials for high-performance in many industrial applications. In other words, the tribo-studies on polymeric materials are growing fast to enhance the polymeric products such as bearings, seals, ring and bushes. The current work presents an attempt to study the correlation between the type of counterface material and frictional heating at the … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 11 · 30 Nov 2005 · 7,026 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractLow Cost Long Distance Detector for Explosives and Chemical Analysis by IEC ApplicationGeorge H. Miley, Heinrich Hora, Frederick Osman et al.A radiation source for detecting specific chemicals at several meter distances even behind walls, car doors or other barriers is the application of Million electron Volts (MeV) neutrons from nuclear fusion reactions at such low intensities to avoid any danger for human bodies. The chemical analysis consists in the neutron activation of nuclei emitting then gamma radiation of lines very … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 11 · 30 Nov 2005 · 6,518 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractPeriodontal Disease as a Risk Factor for Coronary Artery DiseaseGholamali Najafi-Parizi, Ahmad LoriThere are many risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) and periodontal disease (PDD) is a controversial risk factor. The aim of this study was to show the association between CAD and PDD. A case-control study was designed. Sixty one patients that CAD was confirm in them by coronary angiography compared with sixty one patients with normal angiography. PDD was … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 11 · 30 Nov 2005 · 6,922 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Classification of Techniques for Web Usage AnalysisHaider Ramadhan, Muna Hatem, Zuhoor Al-Khanjri, Swamy KuttiTechniques which assist in recognizing various access patterns and interests of the Web users are normally referred to as an application of Web usage mining. The application provides useful insights to address crucial points such as user interests into a particular page, server load balancing, Web site reorganization, clustering of similar browsing patterns, classification of user profiles, content caching or … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2005 · 6,790 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractA Recursive Application of a Support Vector Machine for Protein Spot Detection in 2-Dimensional Gel ElectrophoresisGary D. Boetticher, Hisham Al-Mubaid, Karen Frasier-ScottTwo-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) analysis remains the core of proteomic technology because it is currently the most powerful method to analyze large collections of proteins. Advances in electrophoresis equipment are making this technique more accessible but effective computer assisted protein spot detection remains a very labor-intensive endeavor. Protein spot analysis is still time consuming, requires human intervention and … …Journal of Computer Science, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2005 · 6,678 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractWillingness to Pay for Air Quality Improvements in Klang Valley MalaysiaRafia Afroz, Mohd N. Hassan, Muhamad Awang, Noor A. IbrahimThis research employed contingent valuation method (CVM) to estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) of the respondents to improve the air quality in Klang Valley. The samples were divided according to different question formats i.e. open ended(OE), dichotomous choice(DC) and payment card(PC). The objective of this study is to investigate the convergent validity of contingent valuation estimates by comparing the … …American Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 3 · 30 Sep 2005 · 9,001 accessesView PDFCite
Research ArticleOpen accessIn the abstractIndigenous Methods in Preserving Bush Mango Kernels in CameroonZac Tchoundjeu, Alain Rene Atangana, Ann DegrandeTraditional practices for preserving Irvingia wombolu and Irvingia gabonensis (bush mango) kernels were assessed in a survey covering twelve villages (Dongo, Bouno, Gribi [East], Elig-Nkouma, Nkom I, Ngoumou [Centre], Bidjap, Nko’ovos, Ondodo [South], Besong-Abang, Ossing and Kembong [Southwest]), in the humid lowland forest zone of Cameroon. All the interviewed households that own trees of species were found to preserve kernels … …American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 9 · 30 Sep 2005 · 7,774 accessesView PDFCite